Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry, Exhibition Road, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2010 Dec;9(12):1589-96. doi: 10.1039/c0pp00237b. Epub 2010 Nov 16.
Photomedicine as a 'modern' subject began in the late 1880's, and currently encompasses the effects of light upon the skin, diagnostic uses of light, therapies using non-laser light, and the use of lasers. Effects of light on the skin include production of Vitamin D, tanning, ageing of the skin, and the skin cancers basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, and malignant melanoma. Diagnostic uses of light include luminescence [photo and chemi] in immunoassays, fluorescence in cell sorting, and the various forms of fluorescence microscopy, including confocal, fluorescence lifetime imaging [FLIM], and single molecule. Therapies include the PUVA treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo, blue light curing of neonatal jaundice, and photoinactivation of microbes. Laser treatments include ablative corrective eye surgery, general 'bloodless' surgery, and, of most importance photochemically, the various treatments using sensitisers and laser light known as photodynamic therapy, PDT. We concentrate here on discussion of future developments in PDT, concluding that the main advance will be through targeted PDT, in which the tissue to be destroyed receives the photosensitiser in a highly selective fashion. Strategies to achieve this highlighted here are the use of monoclonal antibody fragments selected for tumour cell targets, and two-photon spatial selection.
光医学作为一门“现代”学科始于 19 世纪 80 年代末，目前涵盖了光对皮肤的影响、光的诊断用途、非激光疗法以及激光的应用。光对皮肤的影响包括维生素 D 的产生、晒黑、皮肤老化以及基底细胞癌和鳞状细胞癌和恶性黑色素瘤等皮肤癌。光的诊断用途包括免疫测定中的发光[光和化学发光]、细胞分选中的荧光以及各种形式的荧光显微镜，包括共聚焦、荧光寿命成像[FLIM]和单分子。疗法包括用于治疗银屑病和白癜风的 PUVA 治疗、新生儿黄疸的蓝光固化以及微生物的光灭活。激光治疗包括屈光矫正性眼科手术、一般的“无血”手术，以及最重要的是光化学疗法，即使用敏化剂和激光光的各种治疗方法，称为光动力疗法（PDT）。我们在这里集中讨论 PDT 的未来发展，得出的结论是主要的进展将通过靶向 PDT 实现，其中要破坏的组织以高度选择性的方式接收光敏剂。这里强调的策略是使用针对肿瘤细胞靶标的单克隆抗体片段和双光子空间选择。
