Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Jyväskylä, 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Aug;61(2):202-10. doi: 10.1007/s00244-010-9622-2. Epub 2010 Nov 17.
Although biotransformation is generally considered to be the main process by which to remove pharmaceuticals, both in sewage treatment plants and in aquatic environments, quantitative information on specific compounds is scarce. In this study, the transformations of diclofenac (DCF), naproxen (NPX), and bisoprolol (BSP) were studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using inocula taken from activated and digested sludge processes, respectively. Whereas concentration decays were monitored by LC-tandem mass spectrometry, oxygen consumption and methane production were used for the evaluation of the performance of overall conditions. DCF was recalcitrant against both aerobic and anaerobic biotransformation. More than one third of the BSP disappeared under aerobic conditions, whereas only 14% was anaerobically biotransformed in 161 days. Under aerobic conditions, complete removal of NPX was evident within 14 days, but anaerobic transformation was also efficient. Formation of 6-O-desmethylnaproxen, a previously reported aerobic metabolite, was also detected under anaerobic conditions and persisted for 161 days.
尽管生物转化通常被认为是去除药物的主要过程，无论是在污水处理厂还是在水生环境中，但关于特定化合物的定量信息却很少。在这项研究中，使用分别取自活性污泥和消化污泥工艺的接种物，在好氧和厌氧条件下研究了双氯芬酸（DCF）、萘普生（NPX）和比索洛尔（BSP）的转化。通过 LC-串联质谱监测浓度衰减，同时使用耗氧量和甲烷生成来评估整体条件的性能。DCF 对好氧和厌氧生物转化均具有抗药性。BSP 有超过三分之一在好氧条件下消失，而在 161 天内只有 14%在厌氧条件下发生生物转化。在好氧条件下，NPX 在 14 天内完全去除，但厌氧转化也很有效。以前报道的一种好氧代谢物 6-O-去甲基萘普生也在厌氧条件下被检测到，并持续了 161 天。
