An evaluation of electrosurgical vessel-sealing devices in biliary tract surgery in a porcine model.

OBJECTIVES

The purpose of this study was to evaluate two electrosurgical vessel-sealing devices in biliary surgery.

METHODS

Porcine common bile ducts (CBDs) were sealed with two electrosurgical devices, an electrothermal bipolar vessel-sealing device (EBVS) and ultrasonic coagulation shears. Acute study animals underwent surgical bile duct sealing followed by immediate burst pressure testing. Chronic study animals were maintained for 1 week postoperatively and then tested.

RESULTS

The seal failure rate in the acute study was 50% for both the EBVS device and shears, and 0% for the laparoscopic surgical clip device used as a control. The latter had significantly higher burst pressures (646.2 ± 281.8 mmHg; P = 0.006) than the EBVS device (97.6 ± 86.6 mmHg) and shears (71.7 ± 89.3 mmHg). No significant difference in burst pressures was noted between the EBVS device and shears (97.6 ± 86.6 mmHg vs. 71.7 ± 89.3 mmHg). In the chronic study, obvious bile leaks occurred in one of four pigs (25%) in the EBVS device subgroup and two of four pigs (50%) in the shears subgroup. The average proximal CBD pressure in seven pigs was 16.1 ± 4.1 mmHg. The average chronic burst pressure in the control subgroup was 1088.0 ± 922.6 mmHg.

CONCLUSIONS

Given the high rates of failure of the EBVS device and the shears in consistently sealing biliary ducts, we do not recommend their routine use in biliary surgery.