Lavasani Leela, Leventhal Douglas, Constantinides Minas, Krein Howard
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Facial Plast Surg. 2010 Dec;26(6):445-50. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1267718. Epub 2010 Nov 17.
The external ear is commonly involved in facial trauma. Injuries to the ear can range from simple lacerations to complete avulsions. We review the normal auricular anatomy and vascular supply, as well as the initial management of any auricular injury. Furthermore, we review the literature on soft tissue injuries of the ear and present a simple algorithm for classifying injuries. The classification is based on whether or not cartilage is involved. Injuries to the lobule do not involve cartilage and thus are more easily repaired by simple closure or Z-plasty. Injuries involving cartilage are further classified into partial or complete avulsions. A complete avulsion is then categorized by having a wide or narrow pedicle. There is no standardized, definitive management for the various types of auricular trauma, and this schema may assist in deciding which of the various reconstructive options is most appropriate for a particular case.
外耳常受面部创伤影响。耳部损伤范围从简单的撕裂伤到完全离断伤不等。我们回顾正常耳廓的解剖结构和血供,以及耳部损伤的初始处理。此外,我们回顾耳部软组织损伤的文献,并提出一种简单的损伤分类算法。该分类基于是否涉及软骨。耳垂损伤不涉及软骨,因此通过简单缝合或Z成形术更容易修复。涉及软骨的损伤进一步分为部分或完全离断伤。完全离断伤再根据蒂部宽或窄进行分类。对于各种类型的耳部创伤,目前尚无标准化的确定性处理方法,而这种分类方法可能有助于确定哪种重建方案最适合特定病例。