Genetics and Psychology and Director of Sansone Family Center for Well-Being, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
J Eval Clin Pract. 2011 Apr;17(2):371-2. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01583.x. Epub 2010 Nov 18.
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The essential ingredients of effective person-centred integrative care are described and its benefits are documented in terms of influence on compliance with care, drop-out rates, enhancement of well-being and reduction in ill-being.
Prior literature on efficacy of person-centred treatment in medicine and psychology is reviewed and related to definitions of health and well-being.
The general characteristics of person-centred care involve multiple elements. First, the doctor must be aware of the personality of the individual in order to enter into a humanistic dialogue with the person. Second, for a therapeutic alliance, there must be agreement that doctor and patient are working toward common goals. Third, calm reassurance, hope, and respect need to be communicated. Fourth, the doctor and patient need to be empathic and reflective. Fifth, they must identify and implement practical means of promoting health with available resources and a realistic understanding of facts.
Awareness of who the person is in a therapeutic encounter allows cultivation of a humanistic dialogue, which in turn accounts for most of the variation in clinical outcomes.
背景、目的和目标：本文描述了有效的以患者为中心的综合护理的基本要素，并从对护理依从性、退出率、幸福感提升和不适减少的影响方面证明了其益处。
回顾了医学和心理学领域中以患者为中心治疗的有效性的相关文献，并将其与健康和幸福感的定义联系起来。
以患者为中心的护理的一般特征涉及多个要素。首先，医生必须了解个体的人格，以便与患者进行人文对话。其次，为了建立治疗联盟，医生和患者必须同意共同努力实现共同目标。第三，需要传达冷静的保证、希望和尊重。第四，医生和患者需要具有同理心和反思能力。第五，他们必须确定并利用现有的资源和对事实的现实理解来实施促进健康的实用方法。
在治疗过程中了解患者是谁，能够培养人文对话，而人文对话又解释了大部分临床结果的差异。
