Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
Parasitology. 2010 Dec;137(14):2051-63. doi: 10.1017/S0031182010001460.
The experimental studies of Brucei group trypanosomes presented here demonstrate that the balance of host and parasite factors, especially IFN-γ GPI-sVSG respectively, and the timing of cellular exposure to them, dictate the predominant MP and DC activation profiles present at any given time during infection and within specific tissues. The timing of changes in innate immune cell functions following infection consistently support the conclusion that the key events controlling host resistance occur within a short time following initial exposure to the parasite GPI substituents. Once the changes in MP and DC activities are initiated, there appears little that the host can do to reverse these changes and alter the final outcome of these regulatory events. Instead, despite the availability of multiple innate and adaptive immune mechanisms that can control parasites, there is an inability to control trypanosome numbers sufficiently to prevent the emergence and establishment of virulent trypanosomes that eventually kill the host. Overall it appears that trypanosomes have carefully orchestrated the host innate and adaptive immune response so that parasite survival and transmission, and alterations of host immunity, are to its ultimate benefit.
这里呈现的布鲁斯氏锥虫属的实验研究表明，宿主和寄生虫因素的平衡，特别是 IFN-γ GPI-sVSG，以及细胞暴露于它们的时间，决定了在感染过程中的任何特定时间以及在特定组织中存在的主要 MPs 和 DC 激活模式。感染后固有免疫细胞功能的变化时间始终支持这样的结论，即控制宿主抗性的关键事件发生在最初接触寄生虫 GPI 取代物后的短时间内。一旦 MPs 和 DC 活性的变化开始，宿主似乎几乎无法逆转这些变化并改变这些调节事件的最终结果。相反，尽管存在多种可以控制寄生虫的先天和适应性免疫机制，但宿主无法充分控制寄生虫数量，以防止出现并建立最终杀死宿主的毒力寄生虫。总的来说，似乎锥虫已经精心策划了宿主先天和适应性免疫反应，以便寄生虫的存活和传播以及宿主免疫的改变对其最终有利。
