Glover Marshaun B, Mullineaux Paula Y, Deater-Deckard Kirby, Petrill Stephen A
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Infant Child Dev. 2010 May 1;19(3):238-251.
In the current study, we examined parent gender differences in feelings (negativity and positivity) and perceptions of child behavioural and emotional problems in adoptive and biological parent-child dyads. In a sample of 85 families, we used a novel within-family adoption design in which one child was adopted and one child was a biological child of the couple, and tested whether the links between parent feelings and child maladjustment included effects of passive gene-environment correlation. Parents reported more negativity and less positivity as well as higher levels of externalizing behaviour for the adopted child compared to the non-adopted child, although effect sizes were small and no longer statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons. Fathers and mothers did not differ significantly in their reports of positive and negative feelings towards their children or in regard to child externalizing and internalizing behaviours. The correlations between parental negativity and positivity and child externalizing and internalizing were similar for fathers and mothers, and for adopted and non-adopted children. The findings suggest similar parent-child relationship processes for fathers and mothers, and that genetic transmission of behaviour from parent to child does not account for the association between parental warmth and hostility and child-adjustment problems.
在本研究中，我们考察了收养家庭和亲生家庭中父母在情感（消极和积极）以及对孩子行为和情绪问题认知方面的性别差异。在一个由85个家庭组成的样本中，我们采用了一种新颖的家庭内部收养设计，即夫妻一方的孩子是收养的，另一方的孩子是亲生的，并检验了父母情感与孩子适应不良之间的联系是否包括被动基因 - 环境相关性的影响。与未被收养的孩子相比，父母报告称收养的孩子有更多消极情绪、更少积极情绪以及更高水平的外化行为，不过效应量较小，在进行多重比较校正后不再具有统计学显著性。父亲和母亲在对孩子的积极和消极情感报告方面，以及在孩子外化和内化行为方面没有显著差异。父亲和母亲、收养和未收养孩子的父母消极与积极情感和孩子外化与内化之间的相关性相似。研究结果表明，父亲和母亲的亲子关系过程相似，并且父母与孩子之间行为的遗传传递并不能解释父母温暖与敌意和孩子适应问题之间的关联。
