Wu Changliang, Wang Xin, Shao Zongze
Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China.
Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 2010 Sep;50(9):1218-25.
In order to investigate the diversity of oil-degrading bacteria in the surface seawater across the India Ocean, and to obtain new oil-degrading bacteria.
Potential oil-degrading bacteria were selected out via 1:1 mixture of diesel and crude oil as sole carbon source. Meanwhile, the community structure of 13 enrichments was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE).
We obtained 51 unique strains of 29 genera after screening via morphological, physiological, biochemical and 16S rRNA analyses. They mainly belonged to a and gamma-Proteobacteria. The four genera Alcanivorax (accounting for 18%), Novosphingobium (10%), Marinobacter (6%) and Thalassospira (6%) were the most predominant bacteria. Ecological analyses showed that the bacteria had high diversity with Shannon-Winner index (H) of 4.57968, and distributed even with Evenness index (E) as 0.8664771. Then Further experiments revealed oil-degrading capability of 49 strains. In addition, our investigation revealed oil-degrading ability of genera Sinomonas, Knoellia and Mesoflavibacter for the first time. DGGE fingerprint patterns indicated that the genus Alcanivorax was an important oil-degrading bacteria in the surface seawater across the India Ocean.
This study demonstrated a high diversity of the oil-degradation bacteria in the surface seawater of Indian Ocean, these bacteria are of potential in bioremediation of marine oil pollution.
为了研究印度洋表层海水中石油降解菌的多样性，并获得新的石油降解菌。
以柴油和原油1:1混合物作为唯一碳源筛选潜在的石油降解菌。同时，通过变性梯度凝胶电泳聚合酶链反应（PCR-DGGE）分析13个富集培养物的群落结构。
经形态学、生理学、生化及16S rRNA分析筛选后，我们获得了29个属的51株独特菌株。它们主要属于α-和γ-变形菌纲。最主要的四个属为食烷菌属（占18%）、新鞘氨醇菌属（10%）、海杆菌属（6%）和海螺旋菌属（6%）。生态分析表明，这些细菌具有高多样性，香农-威纳指数（H）为4.57968，分布均匀，均匀度指数（E）为0.8664771。进一步实验显示49株菌株具有石油降解能力。此外，我们的研究首次揭示了中华单胞菌属、克奈氏菌属和中黄杆菌属的石油降解能力。DGGE指纹图谱表明，食烷菌属是印度洋表层海水中一种重要的石油降解菌。
本研究表明印度洋表层海水中石油降解菌具有高度多样性，这些细菌在海洋石油污染生物修复方面具有潜力。
