Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, 1415 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 Jan;43(1):134-42. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.08.003. Epub 2010 Sep 1.
Following a previous study that reported a large number of young adult drivers text and drive, the current study investigated this behavior by looking at patterns of use and driver assessment of the risk of the behavior. The data from the current study converge with and extended the previous work showing 70% of the 348 young adult drivers surveyed report initiating texts while driving while higher numbers reply to texts (81%) and read texts (92%) while driving. Additional drivers also report doing these behaviors, but only while stopped in traffic, showing only 2% never text and drive under any circumstances. The drivers indicated that they perceived these behaviors to be very risky and riskier than talking on a cell phone while driving, but perception of risk was a very weak predictor of behavior (for initiating texts) or had no effect on texting (for replying or reading texts while driving). In addition, a factor analysis of the perception of road conditions while texting revealed that making the choice to engage in texting (initiating) led drivers to perceive road conditions as being safer than if they replied to a text or read a text, suggesting that choosing to engage in the behavior itself changes attitudes toward risk.
在之前的一项研究报告了大量年轻的成年司机在开车时发短信的情况后，本研究通过观察使用模式和司机对该行为风险的评估来调查这种行为。当前研究的数据与之前的工作相吻合，并进行了扩展，结果显示，在接受调查的 348 名年轻成年司机中，有 70%的人报告在开车时发送短信，而回复短信（81%）和阅读短信（92%）的人数更高。其他司机也报告了这些行为，但只在交通堵塞时才这样做，只有 2%的司机在任何情况下都不会在开车时发短信。司机们表示，他们认为这些行为非常危险，比开车时打电话更危险，但风险感知是行为的一个非常弱的预测因素（对于发起短信），或者对发短信（对于回复或阅读短信）没有影响。此外，对发短信时对路况的感知进行的因素分析表明，选择参与发短信（发起）会让司机认为路况更安全，如果他们回复短信或阅读短信，这表明选择参与行为本身会改变对风险的态度。
