Department of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
J Dairy Sci. 2010 Dec;93(12):5572-87. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3151.
Bactrian camel milk and colostrum are commonly used as foods in Mongolia, whose people believe that these products promote human health. It has been hypothesized that milk oligosaccharides are biologically significant components of human milk, acting as receptor analogs that inhibit the attachment of pathogenic microorganisms to the colonic mucosa, and as prebiotics, which stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria within the infant colon. To evaluate their biological significance, we studied the oligosaccharides present in samples of Bactrian camel milk and colostrum. Using (1)H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we identified and characterized the following oligosaccharides of camel colostrum: Gal(β1-4)[Fuc(α1-3)]Glc (3-fucosyllactose), Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (3'-galactosyllactose), Gal(β1-6)Gal(β1-4)Glc (6'-galactosyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (3'-sialyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)Glc (6'-sialyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyl-3'-galactosyllactose), Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyllacto-N-tetraose c), Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyllacto-N-novopentaose a), Gal(β1-3)[Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (sialyllacto-N-novopentaose b); and Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (monosialyllacto-N-neohexaose). The oligosaccharides in the mature camel milk were characterized as 3'-galactosyllactose, Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc (lacto-N-novopentaose I), and 3'-sialyllactose.
双峰驼乳和初乳在蒙古通常被用作食品，当地人认为这些产品对人体健康有益。人们假设，乳寡糖是人类母乳中具有生物学意义的成分，作为受体类似物，可抑制致病微生物与结肠黏膜的附着，还作为益生菌，刺激婴儿结肠中双歧杆菌的生长。为了评估它们的生物学意义，我们研究了双峰驼乳和初乳中的寡糖。使用 (1)H 核磁共振波谱法，我们鉴定并描述了骆驼初乳中的以下寡糖：Gal(β1-4)[Fuc(α1-3)]Glc（3-岩藻糖基乳糖）、Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc（3'-半乳糖基乳糖）、Gal(β1-6)Gal(β1-4)Glc（6'-半乳糖基乳糖）、Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc（3'-唾液酸乳糖）、Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)Glc（6'-唾液酸乳糖）、Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc（唾液酸-3'-半乳糖基乳糖）、Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)Gal(β1-4)Glc（唾液酸乳糖-N-四糖 c）、Neu5Ac(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc（唾液酸乳糖-N-新戊四糖 a）、Gal(β1-3)[Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc（唾液酸乳糖-N-新戊四糖 b）；以及 Neu5Ac(α2-6)Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc（单唾液酸乳糖-N-新戊四糖）。成熟驼乳中的寡糖被鉴定为 3'-半乳糖基乳糖、Gal(β1-3)[Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-6)]Gal(β1-4)Glc（乳糖-N-新戊四糖 I）和 3'-唾液酸乳糖。
