State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
J Dairy Sci. 2010 Dec;93(12):5851-5. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3263.
The effects of Bacillus subtilis natto on performance and immune function of dairy calves during the preweaning phase were investigated in this study. Twelve Holstein male calves 7 ± 1 d of age were randomly allotted to 2 treatments of 6 calves. The Bacillus subtilis natto was mixed with milk and fed directly to the calves. The calves were weaned when their starter intake reached 2% of their weight. Blood was collected and IgA, IgE, IgG, IgM, and cytokine levels in the serum of all the calves were determined. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis natto increased general performance by improving the average daily gain and feed efficiency and advanced the weaning age of the calves. No difference was observed in serum IgE, IgA, and IgM, whereas serum IgG was higher in the Bacillus subtilis natto-supplemented calves than in the control calves. Furthermore, calves fed with Bacillus subtilis natto were found to secrete more IFN-γ, but tended to produce less IL-4 than did the control calves, although serum IL-6 and IL-10 were not affected. This study demonstrated that Bacillus subtilis natto did not stimulate IgE-mediated allergic reactions, but increased serum IgG and IFN-γ levels in the probiotic-fed calves. We propose that the viable probiotic characteristics of Bacillus subtilis natto benefit calf immune function.
本研究旨在探讨纳豆芽孢杆菌对犊牛哺乳期性能和免疫功能的影响。选择 12 头 7±1 日龄的荷斯坦公犊，随机分为 2 个处理，每个处理 6 头。将纳豆芽孢杆菌与牛奶混合直接喂给犊牛。当犊牛的开食料采食量达到其体重的 2%时进行断奶。采集血液，测定所有犊牛血清中 IgA、IgE、IgG、IgM 和细胞因子水平。结果表明，纳豆芽孢杆菌通过提高平均日增重和饲料效率来提高整体性能，并提前了犊牛的断奶年龄。血清 IgE、IgA 和 IgM 无差异，而添加纳豆芽孢杆菌的犊牛血清 IgG 高于对照组。此外，与对照组相比，添加纳豆芽孢杆菌的犊牛分泌更多的 IFN-γ，但 IL-4 分泌量有减少的趋势，而血清 IL-6 和 IL-10 不受影响。本研究表明，纳豆芽孢杆菌不会刺激 IgE 介导的过敏反应，但会增加益生菌喂养犊牛的血清 IgG 和 IFN-γ 水平。我们提出，纳豆芽孢杆菌的活菌特性有益于犊牛的免疫功能。
