Gettys F Keith, Jackson J Benjamin, Frick Steven L
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28232, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2011 Jan;42(1):95-105, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2010.08.005.
Obesity is a rapidly expanding health problem in children and adolescents and is the most prevalent nutritional problem for children in the United States. Some believe that obesity has become a major epidemic in American children, with the prevalence having more than doubled since 1980. This epidemic has led to a near-doubling in hospitalizations with a diagnosis of obesity between 1999 and 2005 and an increase in costs from $125.9 million to $237.6 million between 2001 and 2005. This article describes some of the orthopaedic conditions commonly encountered in overweight/obese children and adolescents, classically infantile and adolescent tibia vara and slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Also discussed are genu valgum, which has been associated with obesity, and other difficulties encountered in providing orthopaedic care to obese children.
肥胖是儿童和青少年中迅速蔓延的健康问题，也是美国儿童中最普遍的营养问题。一些人认为肥胖已成为美国儿童中的主要流行病，自1980年以来患病率增加了一倍多。这一流行病导致1999年至2005年间肥胖诊断住院人数几乎翻了一番，2001年至2005年间费用从1.259亿美元增加到2.376亿美元。本文描述了超重/肥胖儿童和青少年中常见的一些骨科病症，典型的是婴儿型和青少年型胫骨内翻以及股骨头骨骺滑脱。还讨论了与肥胖相关的膝外翻，以及为肥胖儿童提供骨科护理时遇到的其他困难。
