Department of Exercise Science and Physical Education, McDaniel College, 2 College Hill, Westminster, MD 21157, USA.
Exp Physiol. 2011 Mar;96(3):338-47. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2010.055400. Epub 2010 Nov 19.
As part of the insulin signalling pathway, Akt influences growth and metabolism. The AKT1 gene G205T (rs1130214) polymorphism has potential functional effects. Thus, we determined whether the G205T polymorphism influences metabolic variables and their responses to aerobic exercise training. Following dietary stabilization, healthy, sedentary, 50- to 75-year-old Caucasian men (n = 51) and women (n = 58) underwent 6 months of aerobic exercise training. Before and after completing the intervention, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure percentage body fat, computed tomography to measure visceral and subcutaneous fat, and oral glucose tolerance testing to measure glucose total area under the curve (AUC), insulin AUC and insulin sensitivity. Taqman assay was used to determine AKT1 G205T genotypes. At baseline, men with the GG genotype (n = 29) had lower maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) values (P = 0.026) and higher percentage body fat (P = 0.046), subcutaneous fat (P = 0.021) and insulin AUC (P = 0.003) values than T allele carriers (n = 22). Despite their rather disadvantageous starting values, men with the GG genotype seemed to respond to exercise training more robustly than men with the T allele, highlighted by significantly greater fold change improvements in insulin AUC (P = 0.012) and glucose AUC (P = 0.035). Although the GG group also significantly improved VO2 max with training, the change in VO2 max was not as great as that of the T allele carriers (P = 0.037). In contrast, after accounting for hormone replacement therapy use, none of the variables differed in the women at baseline. As a result of exercise training, women with the T allele (n = 20) had greater fold change improvements in fasting glucose (P = 0.011), glucose AUC (P = 0.017) and insulin sensitivity (P = 0.044) than GG genotype women (n = 38). Our results suggest that the AKT1 G205T polymorphism influences metabolic variables and their responses to aerobic exercise training in older, previously sedentary individuals.
作为胰岛素信号通路的一部分，Akt 影响生长和代谢。AKT1 基因 G205T(rs1130214)多态性具有潜在的功能效应。因此，我们确定 G205T 多态性是否影响代谢变量及其对有氧运动训练的反应。在饮食稳定后，50-75 岁的健康、久坐的白种男性（n=51）和女性（n=58）接受了 6 个月的有氧运动训练。在干预前后，双能 X 射线吸收法用于测量体脂肪百分比，计算机断层扫描用于测量内脏和皮下脂肪，口服葡萄糖耐量试验用于测量葡萄糖总曲线下面积（AUC）、胰岛素 AUC 和胰岛素敏感性。Taqman 检测用于确定 AKT1 G205T 基因型。在基线时，GG 基因型（n=29）的男性最大摄氧量（VO2 max）值较低（P=0.026），体脂肪百分比（P=0.046）、皮下脂肪（P=0.021）和胰岛素 AUC（P=0.003）值较高，而 T 等位基因携带者（n=22）。尽管他们的起始值相当不利，但 GG 基因型的男性似乎对运动训练的反应更为强烈，胰岛素 AUC（P=0.012）和葡萄糖 AUC（P=0.035）的折叠变化改善显著。尽管 GG 组在训练中 VO2 max 也有显著提高，但变化幅度不如 T 等位基因携带者（P=0.037）。相比之下，在考虑激素替代疗法的使用后，女性在基线时没有任何变量存在差异。由于运动训练，携带 T 等位基因的女性（n=20）的空腹血糖（P=0.011）、葡萄糖 AUC（P=0.017）和胰岛素敏感性（P=0.044）的折叠变化改善大于 GG 基因型女性（n=38）。我们的研究结果表明，AKT1 G205T 多态性影响代谢变量及其对老年人和以前久坐不动的个体的有氧运动训练的反应。
