Institut für Biologie, Mikrobiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Sci Signal. 2010 Nov 23;3(149):pe44. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.3149pe44.
The ubiquitous bacterial signaling molecule bis-(3'-5')-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) has brought second messenger signaling back onto the agenda of molecular microbiologists. This is due not only to its general role in promoting biofilm formation, but also to the increasingly diverse array of effector molecules bound by c-di-GMP and of the target processes affected. Effectors include diverse transcription factors and proteins that directly interact with complex cellular machineries, as well as RNA molecules that act as riboswitches to regulate transcriptional elongation or translation. This flexibility in c-di-GMP action enables it to control diverse molecular processes in bacterial cells. New evidence further extends this range to include a c-di-GMP riboswitch linked to a self-splicing intron that has been "domesticated" by its carrier, the pathogenic bacterium Clostridium difficile, to serve in the control of expression of a downstream gene.
无处不在的细菌信号分子双（3′-5′）-环鸟苷酸单磷酸（c-di-GMP）将第二信使信号重新提上了分子微生物学家的议程。这不仅是因为它在促进生物膜形成中的一般作用，还因为 c-di-GMP 结合的效应分子和受影响的靶过程的种类越来越多。效应物包括各种转录因子和直接与复杂细胞机器相互作用的蛋白质，以及作为核糖开关发挥作用的 RNA 分子，可调节转录延伸或翻译。c-di-GMP 作用的这种灵活性使其能够控制细菌细胞中的多种分子过程。新的证据进一步将其范围扩大到包括与自我剪接内含子相关的 c-di-GMP 核糖开关，该内含子已被其载体艰难梭菌“驯化”，用于控制下游基因的表达。
