Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-5040, USA.
J Neuroophthalmol. 2010 Dec;30(4):361-71. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e3181e7518f.
Pathological forms of nystagmus and their visual consequences can be treated using pharmacological, optical, and surgical approaches. Acquired periodic alternating nystagmus improves following treatment with baclofen, and downbeat nystagmus may improve following treatment with aminopyridines. Gabapentin and memantine are helpful in reducing acquired pendular nystagmus due to multiple sclerosis. Ocular oscillations in oculopalatal tremor may also improve following treatment with memantine or gabapentin. The infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) may have only a minor impact on vision if "foveation periods" are well developed, but symptomatic patients may benefit from treatment with gabapentin, memantine, or base-out prisms to induce convergence. Several surgical therapies are also reported to improve INS, but selection of the optimal treatment depends on careful evaluation of visual acuity and nystagmus intensity in various gaze positions. Electro-optical devices are a promising and novel approach for treating the visual consequences of acquired forms of nystagmus.
眼球震颤的病理形式及其视觉后果可以通过药物、光学和手术方法来治疗。获得性周期性交替性眼球震颤在使用巴氯芬治疗后会改善，而在使用氨基吡啶类药物治疗后，下跳性眼球震颤可能会改善。加巴喷丁和盐酸美金刚可有助于减少多发性硬化引起的获得性摆动性眼球震颤。眼-腭震颤中的眼动也可能在使用美金刚或加巴喷丁后得到改善。如果“注视期”发育良好，婴儿型眼球震颤综合征（INS）对视力的影响可能较小，但有症状的患者可能受益于使用加巴喷丁、盐酸美金刚或底朝外棱镜来诱发集合，以减轻症状。也有几种手术治疗方法被报道可以改善 INS，但最佳治疗方法的选择取决于对各种注视位置的视力和眼球震颤强度进行仔细评估。光电设备是治疗获得性眼球震颤的一种有前途的新方法。
