Paukert Amber L, Pettit Jeremy W, Kunik Mark E, Wilson Nancy, Novy Diane M, Rhoades Howard M, Greisinger Anthony J, Wehmanen Oscar A, Stanley Melinda A
Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, 1660 South Columbian Way, Mail Stop: S-123-HBPC, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
J Clin Psychol Med Settings. 2010 Dec;17(4):387-400. doi: 10.1007/s10880-010-9211-6.
Physical illness may precipitate psychological distress among older adults. This study examines whether social support and self-efficacy moderate the associations between physical health and depression and anxiety. Predictions were tested in 222 individuals age 60 or older presenting for help with worry. Physical health was assessed through self-report (subjective) and physical diagnoses (objective). Objective physical health did not have a significant association with depression or anxiety. Worse subjective physical health was associated with increased somatic anxiety, but not with depression or worry. The relationship between subjective physical health and depressive symptoms was moderated by self-efficacy and social support. As predicted, when self-efficacy was low, physical health had its strongest negative association with depressive symptoms such that as physical health improved, depressive symptoms also improved. However, the moderation effect was not as expected for social support; at high levels of social support, worse physical health was associated with increased depressive affect.
身体疾病可能会在老年人中引发心理困扰。本研究探讨社会支持和自我效能感是否会调节身体健康与抑郁和焦虑之间的关联。对222名60岁及以上因担忧前来寻求帮助的个体进行了预测测试。通过自我报告（主观）和身体诊断（客观）来评估身体健康状况。客观身体健康状况与抑郁或焦虑没有显著关联。较差的主观身体健康状况与躯体焦虑增加有关，但与抑郁或担忧无关。自我效能感和社会支持调节了主观身体健康与抑郁症状之间的关系。正如预测的那样，当自我效能感较低时，身体健康与抑郁症状之间的负相关最强，即随着身体健康状况的改善，抑郁症状也会改善。然而，社会支持的调节作用并不如预期；在社会支持水平较高时，较差的身体健康状况与抑郁情绪增加有关。
