Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2011 Dec;26(12):1260-6. doi: 10.1002/gps.2675. Epub 2011 Feb 23.
The present study investigated whether anxiety and depressive symptomatology moderates the relationship between age and quality of life.
The study was a community-based survey using mailed questionnaires conducted within the Department of Psychology at Washington University in St. Louis. The community-based sample consisted of 443 adults ages 30-98 years recruited from university maintained volunteer registries. Quality of life was assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF assessment; depression was assessed using 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and anxiety was assessed using the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, a measure of social anxiety.
Depression and anxiety were negatively associated with quality of life in the Psychological and Social domains (all p's < 0.001), but age was not (Psychological, p = 0.07; Social, p = 0.98). In addition to depression and anxiety, age was also associated with quality of life in the other two domains, negatively for the Physical domain and positively for the Environmental domain. These main effects were qualified by significant three-way interactions in both domains.
Although both anxiety and depression negatively affect Psychological and Social quality of life, age does not. Environmental quality of life increased with age, while Physical quality of life decreased. The deleterious relationship between anxiety and depressive symptomatology and Physical and Environmental quality of life was moderated by age. Older adults with high levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms reported better Environmental and less severe decrements in Physical quality of life compared with middle-aged adults with similar symptomatology.
本研究旨在探讨焦虑和抑郁症状是否调节了年龄与生活质量之间的关系。
该研究采用基于社区的问卷调查，在圣路易斯华盛顿大学心理学系进行。该基于社区的样本由 443 名年龄在 30-98 岁之间的成年人组成，他们是从大学维护的志愿者登记处招募而来。生活质量采用世界卫生组织生活质量简表评估；抑郁采用 15 项老年抑郁量表评估，焦虑采用社交互动焦虑量表评估，用于评估社交焦虑。
抑郁和焦虑与心理和社会领域的生活质量呈负相关（均 p < 0.001），但年龄没有（心理领域，p = 0.07；社会领域，p = 0.98）。除了抑郁和焦虑，年龄与其他两个领域的生活质量也有关联，对生理领域呈负相关，对环境领域呈正相关。这些主要影响在两个领域都受到显著的三向交互作用的限制。
尽管焦虑和抑郁都会对心理和社会生活质量产生负面影响，但年龄不会。环境生活质量随年龄增长而提高，而生理生活质量则下降。焦虑和抑郁症状与生理和环境生活质量之间的不良关系受到年龄的调节。与中年有相似症状的成年人相比，高焦虑和抑郁症状的老年成年人报告的环境质量更好，生理质量下降程度较轻。
