University of Pennsylvania, United States.
J Anxiety Disord. 2011 Apr;25(3):352-61. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.10.009. Epub 2010 Oct 31.
Parents who are not overly protective and who encourage children to take on challenging experiences may help children develop an enhanced sense of control, thereby reducing the risk for subsequent anxiety. We developed the Parental Facilitation of Mastery Scale (PFMS) to assess parenting behaviors that may promote mastery experiences in childhood. Undergraduates and their biological siblings were recruited to complete the PFMS as well as other measures of parenting behaviors, perceived control, and anxiety. A factor analysis of the PFMS revealed two components representing parental overprotection and parental challenge. These two factors demonstrated adequate psychometric properties. We therefore used this measure to test a model in which perceived control mediated the relationship between parenting behaviors and anxiety. The hypothesized model demonstrated good fit, suggesting that the PFMS may be a useful tool for measuring parental behaviors that promote a sense of mastery and ultimately buffer against anxiety in adulthood.
不溺爱孩子、鼓励孩子接受挑战性体验的父母可能有助于培养孩子更强的控制感，从而降低日后焦虑的风险。我们开发了父母促进掌握量表（PFMS）来评估可能促进儿童掌握体验的养育行为。我们招募了本科生及其生物学兄弟姐妹来完成 PFMS 以及其他养育行为、感知控制和焦虑的测量。PFMS 的因素分析显示，有两个因素代表父母的过度保护和父母的挑战。这两个因素表现出了足够的心理测量特性。因此，我们使用这个量表来测试一个模型，其中感知控制在养育行为和焦虑之间的关系中起中介作用。假设模型表现出良好的拟合度，这表明 PFMS 可能是一种有用的工具，用于衡量促进掌控感的养育行为，最终在成年期缓冲焦虑。
