Faculty of Human Movement Science, BIND - Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy.
J Sports Sci. 2011 Jan;29(2):171-80. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2010.530675.
We examined the three-way interactions among competence (actual and perceived), individuals' dispositional goal orientation (task/ego), and perceived sport motivational climate (mastery/performance) in the prediction of pleasant psychobiosocial states (i.e. emotion, cognition, motivation, bodily reaction, movement, performance, and communication) as conceptualized by the Individual Zones of Optimal Functioning model. The sample consisted of 320 Italian youths (160 girls and 160 boys) aged 13-14 years who were involved in individual or team sports. The assessment included a perceived competence scale, a goal orientation questionnaire, a motivational climate inventory, and pleasant psychobiosocial descriptors. An actual competence scale was also administered to coaches asking them to assess their youngsters. Moderated hierarchical regression analysis showed that perceived competence, actual competence, and task orientation were the strongest predictors of pleasant psychobiosocial states. Moreover, actual competence and perceived competence interacted in different ways with dispositional goal orientations and motivational climate perceptions in the prediction of psychobiosocial states. It is therefore recommended that both constructs be included in motivational research.
我们考察了能力（实际和感知）、个体的倾向性目标取向（任务/自我）和感知的运动动机氛围（掌握/表现）这三个因素之间的三向交互作用，在预测个体最佳功能发挥模型所构想的愉快心理生物状态（即情绪、认知、动机、身体反应、运动、表现和交流）方面的作用。样本包括 320 名意大利青少年（160 名女孩和 160 名男孩），年龄在 13-14 岁之间，他们参加个人或团队运动。评估包括感知能力量表、目标取向问卷、动机氛围量表和愉快心理生物状态描述符。还向教练发放了实际能力量表，要求他们评估自己的青少年。分层回归分析表明，感知能力、实际能力和任务取向是愉快心理生物状态的最强预测因素。此外，实际能力和感知能力以不同的方式与倾向性目标取向和动机氛围感知相互作用，从而预测心理生物状态。因此，建议在动机研究中同时包含这两个结构。
