The Emotion-Cognition Research Center, Shalvata Mental Health Center, Hod-Hasharon, Israel.
Schizophr Res. 2011 Mar;126(1-3):226-30. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.09.023. Epub 2010 Nov 5.
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) is the most widely used instrument for measuring negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The validity of its factor structure has not been established. Congruence of the SANS and its subscales to the negative subscale of the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS-N) and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) were never explored. The current study revised SANS's structure and examined its correlations with the PANSS and the CDSS.
Two-hundred and forty patients with schizophrenia with predominantly negative symptoms were analyzed. A principal component analysis was conducted for SANS. Spearman's correlations were conducted for SANS and PANSS-N, and for SANS and CDSS.
Principal Component Analyses (PCA) of SANS revealed four factors, corresponding to the original SANS subscales with two exceptions: Item #13 (grooming and hygiene) loaded on the alogia factor rather than on its original affective flattening factor, and Item #4 (poor eye contact) did not load onto any factor. The total PANSS-N score showed a moderate correlation with the SANS and all of its subscales. The total CDSS score showed a low negative correlation with the total SANS score and with its avolition subscale.
Our results supported the validity of SANS's structure except for "poor eye contact" and "grooming end hygiene". The moderate correlation between SANS and PANSS-N suggests that although they are not identical, they measure similar constructs. The low negative correlation between SANS and CDSS suggests that they measure different constructs.
《负性症状评定量表》（SANS）是目前最常用于评估精神分裂症患者阴性症状的工具。其因子结构的有效性尚未得到证实。SANS 及其子量表与阳性和阴性症状量表（PANSS-N）的阴性子量表和精神分裂症卡尔加里抑郁量表（CDSS）之间的一致性从未被探索过。本研究对 SANS 的结构进行了修订，并考察了其与 PANSS 和 CDSS 的相关性。
对 240 名以阴性症状为主的精神分裂症患者进行分析。对 SANS 进行主成分分析。对 SANS 与 PANSS-N 及 SANS 与 CDSS 进行 Spearman 相关分析。
SANS 的主成分分析（PCA）显示有四个因子，与 SANS 的原有子量表相对应，但有两个例外：项目 13（修饰和卫生）在言语贫乏因子上而不是在其原有的情感迟钝因子上，项目 4（眼神接触不佳）未加载到任何因子上。PANSS-N 的总分与 SANS 及其所有子量表均呈中度相关。CDSS 的总分与 SANS 的总分及失活子量表呈低度负相关。
除了“眼神接触不佳”和“修饰和卫生”之外，我们的结果支持 SANS 结构的有效性。SANS 与 PANSS-N 之间的中度相关性表明，尽管它们不完全相同，但它们测量的是相似的结构。SANS 与 CDSS 之间的低度负相关性表明，它们测量的是不同的结构。
