Nowacka Barbara, Lubiński Wojciech, Karczewicz Danuta
Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical Academy in Szczecin.
Klin Oczna. 2010;112(7-9):247-52.
Based on available literature, the authors describe the most frequent ocular diseases and symptoms, as well as bioelectrical dysfunction of the visual pathway in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).
Data published in literature available in PubMed library. The most often ocular diseases, symptoms and the bioelectrical dysfunction were diagnosed using routine ophthalmological examination including tear film tests, perimetry, optical coherence tomography (OCT), color and contrast sensitivity tests, and electrophysiological recordings like EOGs, flash, pattern and multifocal ERGs, VEPs.
The most frequent ocular diseases in PD are dry eye syndrome and glaucoma. At least 25% of PD patients manifest visual hallucinations. The most prominent bioelectrical dysfunction of the visual pathway was observed in outer layers of the retina (retinal pigmented epithelium, phoptreceptors) and it was registered mainly in EOG, PERG and mfERG tests.
During examination of PD patents, general ophthalmologists should especially pay attention to diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma and dry eye syndrome. In PD visual deficits may occur without any noticeable changes in the routine ophthalmological examination. Electrophysiological recordings can explain, at least partially, visual dysfunction in course of PD.
基于现有文献，作者描述了帕金森病（PD）患者中最常见的眼部疾病和症状，以及视觉通路的生物电功能障碍。
数据来源于PubMed数据库中发表的文献。通过常规眼科检查诊断最常见的眼部疾病、症状和生物电功能障碍，包括泪膜测试、视野检查、光学相干断层扫描（OCT）、颜色和对比敏感度测试，以及眼电图（EOG）、闪光、图形和多焦视网膜电图（ERG）、视觉诱发电位（VEP）等电生理记录。
PD患者中最常见的眼部疾病是干眼症和青光眼。至少25%的PD患者出现视幻觉。视觉通路最显著的生物电功能障碍出现在视网膜外层（视网膜色素上皮、光感受器），主要在EOG、图形视网膜电图（PERG）和多焦视网膜电图（mfERG）测试中记录到。
在检查PD患者时，普通眼科医生应特别注意青光眼和干眼症的诊断与治疗。在PD患者中，常规眼科检查可能无明显变化但仍会出现视觉缺陷。电生理记录至少可以部分解释PD病程中的视觉功能障碍。
