Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2010 Oct 11;6:691-7. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S5832.
Pediatric aggression is common in human societies, mainly presenting as impulsive aggression or predatory aggression. Numerous psychiatric disorders can contain aggression as a symptom, leading to difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. This review focuses on the biological systems that affect pediatric aggression. We review the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, and the mechanisms by which these axes influence the body and mind of aggressive children and adolescents. Although this review focuses on the HPA and HPG axes, it is important to note that other biological systems have relationships with these two axes. Based on the results of the studies reviewed, elevated cortisol concentrations were associated with impulsive aggression, whereas, low levels of cortisol were associated with callous-unemotional traits similar to predatory aggression. Higher levels of dehydroepiandrosterone were correlated with higher levels of aggression as were higher levels of testosterone. However, there have been discrepancies in the results between various studies, indicating the need for more research on hormonal levels and pediatric aggression. In the future, hormonal levels may be useful in determining what treatments will work best for certain pediatric patients.
儿科攻击行为在人类社会中很常见，主要表现为冲动性攻击或掠夺性攻击。许多精神疾病都可以包含攻击行为作为症状，这导致了诊断和治疗的困难。本综述重点关注影响儿科攻击行为的生物学系统。我们回顾了下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴和下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴，以及这些轴影响具有攻击性行为的儿童和青少年身心的机制。尽管本综述重点关注 HPA 和 HPG 轴，但值得注意的是，其他生物学系统与这两个轴有关。根据综述研究的结果，皮质醇浓度升高与冲动性攻击有关，而皮质醇水平降低与掠夺性攻击相似的无情特质有关。脱氢表雄酮水平升高与攻击性水平升高有关，睾丸激素水平升高也是如此。然而，不同研究之间的结果存在差异，这表明需要对激素水平和儿科攻击行为进行更多的研究。未来，激素水平可能有助于确定哪些治疗方法对某些儿科患者最有效。
