Department of Pediatrics, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Pediatr. 2011 Apr;78(4):464-8. doi: 10.1007/s12098-010-0295-7. Epub 2010 Dec 3.
Control of tuberculosis in children often escapes attention because of the paucibacillary nature of the illness. However, they contribute much of the morbidity, mortality and future reservoir of the disease which reiterates the importance of risk-factor based screening for latent infection and appropriate treatment. We review the modalities and importance of diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in children. At this time, the role for interferon-gamma release assays in low-income, high-burden settings is rather limited but further research in the coming years might clear their role in children. An important emerging area of research is the development of an improved skin test for TB that uses specific mycobacterial antigens rather than tuberculin, thus is more feasible and useful in resource limited settings.
儿童结核病的控制常常被忽视，因为该病的细菌载量较少。然而，他们导致了大量的发病率、死亡率和疾病的未来蓄水池，这再次强调了基于危险因素的潜伏感染筛查和适当治疗的重要性。我们回顾了儿童潜伏性结核病感染的诊断和治疗方法及其重要性。目前，干扰素-γ释放试验在低收入、高负担国家的作用相当有限，但未来几年的进一步研究可能会明确其在儿童中的作用。一个重要的新兴研究领域是开发一种改进的结核菌素皮肤试验，该试验使用特定的分枝杆菌抗原而不是结核菌素，因此在资源有限的环境中更可行和有用。
