Department of Public Health and Food Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz PO Box 1731, Postal code 71345, Iran.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Jan 5;144(3):475-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.11.003. Epub 2010 Nov 13.
Campylobacter species are among the most common bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis in many countries, and poultry meat is considered as a major source of human campylobacteriosis. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of infection by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in broiler flocks in Shiraz and to investigate the possible risk factors for the campylobacter infections in this area. For detection of campylobacter, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) was used. Between August and September 2009, a total of 100 broiler flocks from 100 commercial broiler farms were selected at slaughter and campylobacter status was determined by mPCR on caecal samples. Data about farms and flocks were collected by questionnaires. Approximately 76% (95% CI: 67-84%) of the flocks were positive for C. jejuni or C. coli. Twenty two percent were positive for C. jejuni, 32% for C. coli and 22% for both species. Results of the statistical analysis using multivariable logistic regression showed that the odds of flock infection decreased when level of owner's education (years) increased (OR=0.86, P=0.04), also odds of infection was nearly five times higher when age at slaughter was ≥45 days compared with <45 days (OR=5.3, P=0.003) and use of antibiotic medications at early stage of production period was negatively associated with the infection status of the flock (OR=0.33, OR=0.059). We found no evidence of the effects of any other factors such as time interval between successive flocks, hygiene measures and number of broiler houses on the farm on the prevalence of campylobacter infection. Getting more attention to the health education issues and planning qualitative studies to reveal the behavioral aspects of the management policy, may be subjects of interest for future researches.
空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌是许多国家人类肠胃炎最常见的细菌病原体之一，而禽肉被认为是人类弯曲菌病的主要来源。本研究旨在确定设拉子肉鸡群中空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌的感染流行率，并调查该地区弯曲菌感染的可能危险因素。为了检测弯曲菌，我们使用了多重聚合酶链反应（mPCR）。2009 年 8 月至 9 月，在屠宰时从 100 个商业肉鸡场共选择了 100 个肉鸡群，通过 mPCR 对盲肠样本进行了弯曲菌检测。通过问卷调查收集了有关农场和鸡群的数据。大约 76%（95%置信区间：67-84%）的鸡群为空肠弯曲菌或结肠弯曲菌阳性。22%的鸡群为空肠弯曲菌阳性，32%的鸡群为结肠弯曲菌阳性，22%的鸡群为空肠弯曲菌和结肠弯曲菌均阳性。多变量逻辑回归分析的结果表明，当所有者教育（年）水平增加时，鸡群感染的几率降低（OR=0.86，P=0.04），并且与<45 天相比，屠宰时年龄≥45 天时感染的几率几乎高出五倍（OR=5.3，P=0.003），而在生产早期使用抗生素药物与鸡群的感染状态呈负相关（OR=0.33，OR=0.059）。我们没有发现任何其他因素（如连续鸡群之间的时间间隔、卫生措施和肉鸡舍的数量）对弯曲菌感染流行率的影响。今后的研究可能会关注加强健康教育问题和开展定性研究以揭示管理政策的行为方面。
