密西西比州的汽油价格与交通安全。
Gasoline prices and traffic safety in Mississippi.
机构信息
Department of Sociology and Social Science Research Center, Mississippi State University, PO Box C, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
出版信息
J Safety Res. 2010 Dec;41(6):493-500. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2010.10.003. Epub 2010 Nov 9.
PROBLEM
Limited literature suggests that gasoline prices have substantial effects on reducing fatal crashes. However, the literature focuses only on fatal crashes and does not examine the effects on all traffic crashes.
METHODS
Mississippi traffic crash data from April 2004-December 2008 from the Mississippi Highway Patrol and regular-grade unleaded gasoline price data from the Energy Information Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy were used to investigate the effects of gasoline prices on traffic safety by age, gender, and race.
RESULTS
Gasoline prices have both short-term and intermediate-term effects on reducing total traffic crashes and crashes of females, whites, and blacks. The intermediate-term effects are generally stronger than the short-term effects. Gasoline prices also have short-term effects on reducing crashes of younger drivers and intermediate-term effects on older drivers and male drivers.
IMPACT ON INDUSTRY
Higher gasoline taxes reduce traffic crashes and may result in additional societal benefits.
问题
有限的文献表明，汽油价格对减少致命车祸有显著影响。然而，这些文献仅关注致命车祸，并未考察其对所有交通事故的影响。
方法
利用美国能源部能源信息署提供的密西西比州公路巡警 2004 年 4 月至 2008 年 12 月的交通碰撞数据和普通无铅汽油价格数据，调查了汽油价格对不同年龄、性别和种族的交通安全的影响。
结果
汽油价格对减少总交通事故和女性、白人和黑人的事故都有短期和中期影响。中期影响通常比短期影响更强。汽油价格还对年轻司机的事故有短期影响，对老年司机和男性司机有中期影响。
对行业的影响
提高汽油税可以减少交通事故，可能会带来更多的社会效益。
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