Department of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, 200 Westboro Road, Building 20, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Arch Microbiol. 2011 Mar;193(3):223-6. doi: 10.1007/s00203-010-0655-8. Epub 2010 Dec 7.
Martha's Vineyard (MV), Massachusetts has been the location of two outbreaks of pneumonic tularemia; landscaping activities have been associated with risk, suggesting environmental inhalation exposure. We determined whether salinity or other components of brackish-water present in a location with endemic tularemia may prolong survival of F. tularensis. In addition, we demonstrate for the first time that F. tularensis Type A appears similar to Type B with respect to environmental stability. The results of this study suggest an explanation for why MV is the site of pneumonic tularemia transmission as opposed to sites in the southcentral USA, where tularemia is more commonly reported: Bacteria may be more prone to surviving in salt-influenced soil or moisture in the island setting.
马萨诸塞州的玛莎葡萄园岛（MV）曾发生过两起因肺炎而引起的土拉菌病疫情；园林美化活动与风险相关，提示可能存在吸入性环境暴露。我们确定了在土拉菌病流行地区存在的咸水或其他成分的盐度是否会延长土拉弗朗西斯菌的存活时间。此外，我们首次证明了 A 型土拉弗朗西斯菌在环境稳定性方面与 B 型相似。这项研究的结果表明，为什么 MV 是发生肺炎型土拉菌病传播的地点，而不是美国中南部的报告更常见的土拉菌病的地点：细菌可能更容易在受盐影响的土壤或岛屿环境中的水分中生存。
