Metabolomics Unit, CICbioGUNE, CIBERehd, Bizkaia Technology Park, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
Proteomics Clin Appl. 2010 Apr;4(4):407-15. doi: 10.1002/prca.200900123. Epub 2010 Feb 3.
In the recent years, global proteomics approaches have been widely used to characterize a number of tissue proteomes including plasma and liver; however, the elevated complexity of these samples in combination with the high abundance of some specific proteins make the study of the lowest abundant proteins difficult. This review is focused on different strategies that have been developed to extend the proteome focused on these two tissues, as, for example, the analysis of sub-cellular proteomes. In this regard, two special kind of extracellular vesicles--exosomes and membrane plasma shedding vesicles--are emerging as excellent biological source both to extend the liver and plasma proteomes and to be applied in the discovery of non-invasive liver-specific disease biomarkers.
近年来，全球蛋白质组学方法已被广泛用于对包括血浆和肝脏在内的多种组织蛋白质组进行分析；然而，这些样本的复杂性增加，再加上一些特定蛋白质的高丰度，使得对最低丰度蛋白质的研究变得困难。本综述重点介绍了为扩展针对这两种组织的蛋白质组学研究而开发的不同策略，例如亚细胞蛋白质组分析。在这方面，两种特殊的细胞外囊泡——外泌体和膜血浆脱落囊泡——作为优秀的生物来源，正在被用于扩展肝脏和血浆蛋白质组，并应用于发现非侵入性肝脏特异性疾病生物标志物。
