Metabolomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, CIBERehd, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Derio, Bizkaia, Spain.
J Extracell Vesicles. 2012 Jul 11;1. doi: 10.3402/jev.v1i0.18825. eCollection 2012.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in cell-to-cell communication. Although there are different kinds of vesicles, each with their own secretion and capture biology, all of them carry a cargo of proteins, lipids, metabolites and nucleic acids. They act as vehicles for exchange of biological materials and signals and are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes. Liver is an essential organ containing different cell populations fulfilling various functions, which need to be strictly controlled and coordinated. There are a few articles showing the role of liver-derived EVs. On the basis of them, we present here a hypothesis of the implication of such vesicles in the physiology of the liver. Different liver cell types, including hepatocytes, cholangiocytes and stellate cells, secrete and capture EVs and interact with them. Liver injury changes the abundance and cargo of EVs; these changes are likely to be important for the outcome of stress response. Although a substantial effort has been put into the characterization of EVs in isolated populations, it is only recently that some more comprehensive information has begun to appear. In this article, we hypothesize about the role of EVs in liver microenvironment and their possible function using published data from both hepatic and non-hepatic systems.
细胞外囊泡 (EVs) 在细胞间通讯中发挥着重要作用。尽管有不同类型的囊泡，每种囊泡都有其独特的分泌和捕获生物学特性，但它们都携带蛋白质、脂质、代谢物和核酸等货物。它们充当生物物质和信号交换的载体，并参与各种生理过程的调节。肝脏是一个重要的器官，包含不同的细胞群体，这些细胞群体具有不同的功能，需要严格控制和协调。有一些文章展示了肝源性 EVs 的作用。在此基础上，我们提出了一个假说，即这些囊泡参与了肝脏的生理学。包括肝细胞、胆管细胞和星状细胞在内的不同肝细 胞类型都会分泌和捕获 EVs，并与它们相互作用。肝损伤会改变 EVs 的丰度和货物；这些变化可能对应激反应的结果很重要。尽管人们已经在分离的细胞群体中对 EVs 的特征进行了大量研究，但直到最近，才开始出现一些更全面的信息。在本文中，我们利用来自肝内和肝外系统的已发表数据，对 EVs 在肝脏微环境中的作用及其可能的功能提出了假设。
