Clark P, Bowling A
Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, England.
Soc Sci Med. 1990;30(11):1201-10. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90260-y.
The observational study reported here was part of a wider evaluation of long stay care for elderly people. The observational study showed that it was essential not to rely on interview material alone. Qualitative techniques provided insights into behaviours, moods and interactions which would have been difficult to measure using traditional survey techniques. The data collected was analysed in relation to the theory of the total institution and disengagement theory. Although the survey data presented evidence of block treatment of individuals in both long stay hospital wards and smaller nursing homes for the elderly, the observational study showed that only the ward setting conformed closely to Goffman's concept of the total institution. In addition, the study indicated that involvement in activities and interaction with others promotes positive feelings among elderly people, and questions the validity of disengagement theory.
此处报告的观察性研究是对老年人长期护理进行更广泛评估的一部分。该观察性研究表明，绝不能仅依赖访谈材料。定性技术为行为、情绪和互动提供了见解，而这些用传统调查技术很难衡量。收集到的数据根据全控机构理论和脱离理论进行了分析。尽管调查数据显示，在长期住院病房和小型老年护理院中都存在对个体进行批量治疗的证据，但观察性研究表明，只有病房环境与戈夫曼的全控机构概念密切相符。此外，该研究表明，参与活动和与他人互动能促进老年人产生积极情绪，并对脱离理论的有效性提出了质疑。
