Clinic for Horses and Unit for Reproductive Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Hannover, Germany.
Equine Vet J. 2011 Jan;43(1):106-11. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00143.x. Epub 2010 Aug 23.
The diagnostic and therapeutic options for oviduct disorders in the mare are limited. The current best techniques require exploratory surgery under general anaesthesia or flank laparotomy.
The orthograde flushing of the oviduct for diagnostic or therapeutic options is possible using laparoscopic techniques in the standing sedated mare.
Development of a laparoscopic technique for catheterisation of the infundibulum and flushing of the oviduct (sterile methylene blue solution) in the standing sedated mare was examined in 2 experiments. The first involved a transvaginal laparoscopic approach, the second a laparoscopic flank approach. Passage of fluid into the uterus was assessed by post operative hysteroscopy.
In Experiment I, visualisation of the infundibulum was possible (left side 7/8 cases, right side in 6/8 cases). The beginning of the oviductal ampulla could be seen in 3 of 8 cases on the left side. An adequate opening of the infundibulum and visualisation or catheterisation of the abdominal ostium were not possible. In Experiment II, catheterisation of the ampulla was successful in 7 of 11 cases, and in 5 of these 7 cases the injected fluid could be identified in the uterus by post operative hysteroscopy.
A transvaginal laparoscopic approach to the oviduct is not appropriate for oviductal flushing in the mare. However, a laparoscopic flank-approach permits investigation and flushing of the oviduct.
Laparoscopic flushing could become a practical method for diagnosis and therapy of oviduct disorders and a minimally invasive technique for collection of young embryos or the transfer of gametes (GIFT).
母马输卵管疾病的诊断和治疗选择有限。目前最好的技术需要在全身麻醉或侧腹切开术下进行探查性手术。
在镇静站立的母马中，使用腹腔镜技术可以对输卵管进行顺行冲洗，以进行诊断或治疗选择。
在 2 项实验中研究了在镇静站立的母马中经腹腔镜插管和冲洗输卵管（无菌亚甲蓝溶液）的腹腔镜技术的发展。第一个实验涉及经阴道腹腔镜方法，第二个实验涉及腹腔镜侧腹方法。通过术后宫腔镜检查评估液体进入子宫的情况。
在实验 I 中，能够观察到漏斗（左侧 7/8 例，右侧 6/8 例）。在左侧的 3/8 例中可以看到输卵管壶腹部的开始。无法充分打开漏斗，也无法观察或插管腹部口。在实验 II 中，在 11 例中成功插管输卵管壶腹 7 例，在这 7 例中，通过术后宫腔镜检查可以识别注射的液体在子宫中。
经阴道腹腔镜方法不适合对母马的输卵管进行冲洗。然而，腹腔镜侧腹入路允许对输卵管进行探查和冲洗。
腹腔镜冲洗可能成为诊断和治疗输卵管疾病的实用方法，也是收集年轻胚胎或配子（GIFT）的微创技术。
