Isaacs J S, Davis B D, La Montagne M J
Sparks Center for Developmental and Learning Disorders, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1990 Jul;90(7):982-5.
Young children dependent on gastrostomy feeding are examples of special-needs children now eligible for expanded nutrition services in schools through Public Law 99-457. With the implementation of this law, nutritionists have an opportunity to expand their roles as consultants to special education teachers. A team approach involving nutrition, nursing, and special education was used to prepare a gastrostomy-fed preschool child and his family for school. The family of the multihandicapped child had been isolated by the child's feeding problems and viewed the problems as barriers to his entering school. Components of a nutrition care plan for an interdisciplinary team included oral feeding readiness, nutritional adequacy and timing of meals, and mechanical aspects of gastrostomy feeding in the classroom. Nutrition interventions were adjusted for the classroom from those used in the home or clinical setting. The major activity in the transition program was behavioral management of the child's rumination, which affected nutritional status and feeding. The major outcome of the transition program was enrollment of the child in school, with gastrostomy feeding as a routine activity. A transition program for a gastrostomy-fed child is an appropriate mechanism for expanding the role of the nutritionist into the classroom.
依赖胃造口术喂养的幼儿是有特殊需求儿童的例子,现在他们有资格通过《公法99 - 457》在学校获得扩展的营养服务。随着这项法律的实施,营养师有机会扩大其作为特殊教育教师顾问的角色。采用了一个由营养、护理和特殊教育组成的团队方法,为一名通过胃造口术喂养的学龄前儿童及其家庭做好入学准备。这个多重残疾儿童的家庭因孩子的喂养问题而与世隔绝,并将这些问题视为孩子入学的障碍。跨学科团队的营养护理计划的组成部分包括口腔喂养准备情况、营养充足性和用餐时间,以及课堂上胃造口术喂养的机械方面。营养干预措施根据课堂情况进行了调整,与在家中或临床环境中使用的措施不同。过渡计划中的主要活动是对孩子反刍行为的行为管理,这影响了营养状况和喂养。过渡计划的主要成果是孩子入学,并将胃造口术喂养作为日常活动。为通过胃造口术喂养的儿童制定的过渡计划是将营养师的角色扩展到课堂的合适机制。