Department of Psychology, University of Québec at Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2010 Nov 11;2:148. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2010.00148. eCollection 2010.
This study assessed the effects of an aerobic training program on reaction time tasks that manipulated preparatory intervals (PI) to produce temporal preparation effects using short (1, 3, 5 s) and long (5, 7, 9 s) PI. Older adults were assigned to either a 3-month aerobic training group or to a control group. Individuals in the training group participated in an aerobic training program of three 60-min sessions per week. The control group did not receive any training. Results indicated that 12 weeks of aerobic training induced a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory capacity (VO(2)max estimate). All participants who completed the aerobic program showed improvement after training in the choice RT task, along with enhanced preparation, such that they maintained preparation over time more efficiently after the training program. Moreover, enhanced ability to use the short PI was observed but only in lower fit individuals. Results of the present study suggest that improving aerobic fitness may enhance attentional control mechanisms in older adults.
本研究评估了有氧运动方案对反应时间任务的影响，该方案通过操纵预备间隔（PI）来产生时间准备效应，使用短（1、3、5 秒）和长（5、7、9 秒）PI。将老年人分为有氧运动组或对照组。训练组的个体每周参加三次 60 分钟的有氧运动训练。对照组未接受任何训练。结果表明，12 周的有氧运动训练可显著提高心肺能力（最大摄氧量估计值）。所有完成有氧运动计划的参与者在选择 RT 任务中表现出训练后的改善，并且准备更加充分，以至于在训练计划后他们能够更有效地保持更长时间的准备。此外，仅在较低适应度的个体中观察到能够更好地利用短 PI 的能力增强。本研究结果表明，提高有氧适能可能会增强老年人的注意力控制机制。
