Prescott Meagan A, Pastey Manoj K
Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Biomark Insights. 2010 Dec 5;5:145-51. doi: 10.4137/BMI.S6257.
Each year, there are estimated to be approximately 200,000 hospitalizations and 36,000 deaths due to influenza in the United States. Reports have indicated that most deaths are not directly due to influenza virus, but to secondary bacterial pneumonia, predominantly staphylococcal in origin. Here we identify the presence of candidate blood and urine biomarkers in mice with Staphyococcus aureus and influenza virus co-infection. In this pilot study, mice were grouped into four treatments: co-infected with influenza virus and S. aureus, singly infected with influenza virus or S. aureus, and a control group of uninfected mice (PBS treated). Gene expression changes were identified by DNA-microarrays from blood samples taken at day five post infection. Proteomic changes were obtained from urine samples collected at three and five days post infection using 2-D DIGE followed by protein ID by mass spectrometry. Differentially expressed genes and/or proteins were identified as candidate biomarkers for future validation in larger studies.
在美国，据估计每年因流感导致约20万例住院治疗和3.6万例死亡。报告表明，大多数死亡并非直接由流感病毒引起，而是由继发性细菌性肺炎导致，主要起源于葡萄球菌。在此，我们确定了金黄色葡萄球菌和流感病毒共同感染小鼠中候选血液和尿液生物标志物的存在。在这项初步研究中，小鼠被分为四种处理组：流感病毒和金黄色葡萄球菌共同感染组、单独感染流感病毒或金黄色葡萄球菌组，以及未感染小鼠的对照组（用磷酸盐缓冲液处理）。通过DNA微阵列从感染后第5天采集的血液样本中鉴定基因表达变化。使用二维差异凝胶电泳从感染后第3天和第5天收集的尿液样本中获得蛋白质组学变化，随后通过质谱进行蛋白质鉴定。差异表达的基因和/或蛋白质被确定为候选生物标志物，以供未来在更大规模的研究中进行验证。
