Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Av. Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Mar;89(5):1267-73. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-3034-0. Epub 2010 Dec 9.
Glucoamylases, one of the main types of enzymes involved in starch hydrolysis, are exo-acting enzymes that release consecutive glucose units from the non-reducing ends of starch molecules. Glucoamylases are microbial enzymes, present in bacteria, archaea, and fungi but not in plants and animals. Structurally, they are classified in family 15 of glycoside hydrolases and characterised by the invariable presence of a catalytic domain with (α/α)₆-fold, often bound to a non-catalytic domain of diverse origin and function. Fungal glucoamylases are biotechnologically very important as they are used industrially in large amounts and have been extensively studied during the past 30 years. Prokaryotic glucoamylases are of biotechnological relevance for being generally thermophilic enzymes, active at elevated temperatures.
葡糖淀粉酶是参与淀粉水解的主要酶类之一，属于外切酶，能够从淀粉分子的非还原端依次释放葡萄糖单位。葡糖淀粉酶是微生物酶，存在于细菌、古菌和真菌中，但不存在于植物和动物中。在结构上，它们被归类于糖苷水解酶家族 15，其特征是具有不变的催化结构域（α/α）₆折叠，通常与来源和功能多样的非催化结构域结合。真菌葡糖淀粉酶在生物技术方面非常重要，因为它们在工业上大量使用，并在过去 30 年中得到了广泛研究。原核葡糖淀粉酶具有生物技术相关性，因为它们通常是嗜热酶，在高温下具有活性。
