School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2011 Jan;22(1):118-24. doi: 10.1177/0956797610392927. Epub 2010 Dec 14.
Motion of a ship at sea creates challenges for control of the body. Anecdotal reports suggest that the body can be stabilized by standing on the open deck and looking at the horizon. This advice contrasts with land-based findings that looking at the horizon leads to increased body sway. We measured standing body sway in experienced maritime crew members on land and at sea. On land, body sway was greater when subjects looked at the horizon than when they did not-the classical effect. At sea, body sway was greater in a closed cabin than on the open deck. On the open deck, body sway when looking at the horizon was reduced relative to sway when looking at middistance targets on the ship. The results are consistent with centuries of anecdotal advice given to sea travelers and raise new questions about the referents that are used for the control of standing posture.
船舶在海上的运动会给身体控制带来挑战。有传闻称，站在开阔的甲板上眺望地平线可以稳定身体。但这与在陆地上的发现相矛盾，因为在陆地上，眺望地平线会导致身体晃动加剧。我们在陆地和海上测量了经验丰富的海员的站立身体晃动。在陆地上，与不看地平线相比，当受试者看地平线时，身体晃动更大——这是经典效应。在海上，与在开阔的甲板上相比，在封闭的舱内身体晃动更大。在开阔的甲板上，与看远处目标相比，看地平线时的身体晃动减少。这些结果与几个世纪以来给航海者的传闻建议一致，并对用于控制站立姿势的参照系提出了新的问题。
