Pomajbíková Kateřina, Petrželková Klára J, Profousová Ilona, Petrášová Jana, Modrý David
Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackého 1-3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
J Parasitol. 2010 Dec;96(6):1139-44. doi: 10.1645/GE-2433.1. Epub 2010 Jul 15.
Balantidium coli is a ciliate reported in many mammalian species, including African great apes. In the former, asymptomatic infections as well as clinical balantidiasis have been reported in captivity. We carried out a cross-sectional study of B. coli in African great apes (chimpanzees, bonobos, and both species of gorillas) and examined 1,161 fecal samples from 28 captive facilities in Europe, plus 2 sanctuaries and 11 wild sites in Africa. Samples were analyzed with the use of Sheather's flotation and merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde (MIFC) sedimentation. MIFC sedimentation was the more sensitive technique for diagnostics of B. coli in apes. Although not detected in any wild-ape populations, B. coli was diagnosed in 52.6% of captive individuals. Surprisingly, in the apes' feces, trophozoites of B. coli were commonly detected, in contrast with other animals, e.g., Old World monkeys, pigs, etc. Most likely reservoirs for B. coli in captive apes include synantropic rats. High starch diets in captive apes are likely to exacerbate the occurrence of balantidiasis in captive apes.
结肠小袋纤毛虫是一种在包括非洲大猩猩在内的许多哺乳动物物种中都有报道的纤毛虫。在前者中，圈养环境下已报告有无症状感染以及临床结肠小袋纤毛虫病。我们对非洲大猩猩（黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和两种大猩猩）中的结肠小袋纤毛虫进行了一项横断面研究，检查了来自欧洲28个圈养设施、非洲2个保护区和11个野生地点的1161份粪便样本。样本采用谢泽尔漂浮法和硫柳汞 - 碘 - 甲醛（MIFC）沉淀法进行分析。MIFC沉淀法是诊断猿类结肠小袋纤毛虫更敏感的技术。虽然在任何野生猿类种群中均未检测到，但在52.6%的圈养个体中诊断出结肠小袋纤毛虫。令人惊讶的是，与其他动物（如旧世界猴、猪等）不同，在猿类粪便中通常能检测到结肠小袋纤毛虫的滋养体。圈养猿类中结肠小袋纤毛虫最可能的宿主包括共栖鼠。圈养猿类的高淀粉饮食可能会加剧圈养猿类中结肠小袋纤毛虫病的发生。
