Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2010 Oct;23 Suppl 1:51-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2010.01100.x.
Increasing consumption of non-nutrient-dense foods (NNDF), decreasing consumption of traditional foods (TF) and low consumption of fruit and vegetables (FV) may contribute to increasing chronic disease rates amongst Inuit. The present study aimed to assess the daily frequency and socioeconomic and demographic factors influencing consumption of TF, FV and NNDF amongst Inuit adults in Nunavut, Canada.
Using a cross-sectional study design and random household sampling in three communities in Nunavut, a food frequency questionnaire developed for the population was used to assess frequency of NNDF, TF and FV consumption amongst Inuit adults. Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed by education level, ownership of items in working condition, and whether or not people in the household were employed or on income support. Mean frequencies of daily consumption were compared across gender and age groups, and associations with socioeconomic indicators were analysed using logistic regression.
Two hundred and eleven participants (36 men, 175 women; mean (standard deviation) ages 42.1 (15.0) and 42.2 (13.2) years, respectively; response rate 69-93%) completed the study. Mean frequencies of consumption for NNDF, TF and FV were 6.3, 1.9 and 1.6 times per day, respectively. On average, participants ≤50 years consumed NNDF (P=0.003) and FV (P=0.01) more frequently and TF (P=0.01) less frequently than participants >50 years. Education was positively associated with FV consumption and negatively associated with TF consumption. Households on income support were more likely to consume TF and NNDF.
These results support the hypothesis that the nutrition transition taking place amongst Inuit in Nunavut results in elevated consumption of NNDF compared with TF and FV.
在因纽特人中，非营养密集型食物（NNDF）的消费增加、传统食物（TF）的消费减少以及水果和蔬菜（FV）的消费不足，可能导致慢性疾病发病率上升。本研究旨在评估努纳武特因纽特成年人每日食用 TF、FV 和 NNDF 的频率以及影响这些频率的社会经济和人口统计学因素。
采用横断面研究设计和努纳武特三个社区的随机家庭抽样方法，使用为该人群开发的食物频率问卷评估因纽特成年人 NNDF、TF 和 FV 的食用频率。社会经济地位（SES）通过教育程度、处于工作状态的物品拥有情况以及家庭中是否有人就业或领取收入支持来评估。分别比较了男性和女性以及不同年龄组的每日消费频率均值，并使用逻辑回归分析 SES 指标与消费频率的相关性。
211 名参与者（36 名男性，175 名女性；平均（标准差）年龄分别为 42.1（15.0）和 42.2（13.2）岁，应答率为 69-93%）完成了研究。NNDF、TF 和 FV 的平均每日消费频率分别为 6.3、1.9 和 1.6 次。与年龄>50 岁的参与者相比，年龄≤50 岁的参与者更频繁地食用 NNDF（P=0.003）和 FV（P=0.01），而较少食用 TF（P=0.01）。教育程度与 FV 消费呈正相关，与 TF 消费呈负相关。领取收入支持的家庭更有可能食用 TF 和 NNDF。
这些结果支持了这样一种假设，即在努纳武特因纽特人中发生的营养转型导致与 TF 和 FV 相比，NNDF 的消费增加。
