Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
J Intern Med. 2011 Feb;269(2):219-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02312.x. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
the incidence of cardiovascular disease has declined rapidly in Sweden since the 1980s. We explored changes in major cardiovascular risk factors in northern Sweden between 1986 and 2009.
since 1986, six population surveys have been carried out in northern Sweden using procedures of the World Health Organization MONICA project. The population age range was 25-64 years in 1986 and 1990, and 25-74 years from 1994. Trends were analysed using generalized linear models.
a total of 10586 subjects were included in the surveys. Blood pressure decreased by 4.9/3.9 mmHg in women and 1.8/1.5 mmHg in men aged 25-64 years between 1986 and 2009. In men and women aged 65-74 years, the decrease was 12.6/6.1 mmHg between 1994 and 2009. From 1994, the use of blood pressure-lowering drugs increased, particularly among the older subgroup. The prevalence of smoking halved between 1986 and 2009; 11% of women and 9% of men were smokers in 2009. Cholesterol levels decreased by 0.9 mmol L(-1) in the younger age group (25-64 years), and the use of lipid-lowering agents increased from 1994. Among subjects aged 25-64 years, one in five was obese in 2009, which was twice as many as in 1986, and body mass index (BMI) increased by 1.5 kg m(-2) , corresponding to an increase in weight of 4 kg. There was no further increase in BMI from 2004. The prevalence of diabetes did not change between 1986 and 2009. The proportion that received a university education increased markedly in all age groups, especially in women, during the study period.
significant improvements were observed in major cardiovascular risk factors in northern Sweden between 1986 and 2009.
自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，瑞典的心血管疾病发病率迅速下降。我们探讨了瑞典北部主要心血管危险因素在 1986 年至 2009 年间的变化情况。
自 1986 年以来，在瑞典北部进行了六次人口调查，采用世界卫生组织 MONICA 项目的程序。1986 年和 1990 年的人口年龄范围为 25-64 岁，1994 年为 25-74 岁。采用广义线性模型分析趋势。
共纳入 10586 例受试者。1986 年至 2009 年，25-64 岁女性的血压下降了 4.9/3.9mmHg，男性下降了 1.8/1.5mmHg。1994 年至 2009 年，65-74 岁男性的血压下降了 12.6/6.1mmHg。自 1994 年以来，降压药物的使用增加，尤其是在年龄较大的亚组中。1986 年至 2009 年，吸烟率减半；2009 年，女性中 11%和男性中 9%的人吸烟。年轻组（25-64 岁）的胆固醇水平下降了 0.9mmol/L，降脂药物的使用从 1994 年开始增加。2009 年，25-64 岁的人群中，五分之一的人肥胖，是 1986 年的两倍，体重指数（BMI）增加了 1.5kg/m²，相当于体重增加了 4kg。自 2004 年以来，BMI 没有进一步增加。1986 年至 2009 年间，糖尿病的患病率没有变化。在整个研究期间，所有年龄段的人，尤其是女性，接受大学教育的比例显著增加。
1986 年至 2009 年间，瑞典北部主要心血管危险因素显著改善。
