Keck T, Rozsasi A, Gruen P M
Abteilung für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-, Hals- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Krankenhaus der Elisabethinen GmbH, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Medizinischen Universität Graz, Elisabethinergasse 14, 8020, Graz, Austria.
HNO. 2011 Jan;59(1):38, 40-4. doi: 10.1007/s00106-010-2219-2.
We present a review of nasal-air conditioning, a process essential to undisturbed gas exchange and cleansing of the respiratory mucosa in the nose.
A selective literature review was made on the basis of in vivo measurements and computer simulation of the upper airways as well as the authors' own clinical and experimental data.
Healthy subjects normally breathe through the nose, although the nasal airways have significantly higher airway resistance compared to the oral cavity, which is opened for breathing during exercise, in the case of nasal airway blockage, or in allergic rhinitis. In addition to olfaction, the main tasks of nasal breathing include: cleansing, defense, and conditioning (i.e., humidification and heating). The current knowledge of nasal conditioning processes will be discussed. In addition, research activities of particular relevance for diagnosis and intervention in various pathologies of the upper airways will be presented.
我们对鼻腔空气调节进行综述，这一过程对于鼻腔内呼吸黏膜的气体交换和清洁至关重要。
基于对上呼吸道的体内测量、计算机模拟以及作者自身的临床和实验数据进行了选择性文献综述。
健康受试者通常通过鼻腔呼吸，尽管与口腔相比，鼻腔气道的气道阻力明显更高，在运动期间、鼻腔气道阻塞或过敏性鼻炎时，口腔会张开用于呼吸。除嗅觉外，鼻腔呼吸的主要任务包括：清洁、防御和调节（即加湿和加热）。将讨论目前关于鼻腔调节过程的知识。此外，还将介绍与上呼吸道各种病变的诊断和干预特别相关的研究活动。
