Su Chang, Guo Yu-Ming, Franck Ulrich, Pan Xiao-Chuan
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2010 Aug;31(8):845-9.
Using case-crossover design to explore the association between ambient air pollution and the hospital emergency room visits for respiratory diseases (International Classification of Diseases, tenth vision ICD-10: J00-J99) in Beijing, China.
Data regarding the daily hospital emergency room visits of the respiratory diseases (ICD-10: J00-J99) were obtained in 2004.01.01 - 2005.12.31, from the Peking University Third Hospital and data on relevant air pollution and meteorological factors from the local municipal environmental monitoring center and meteorology bureau of Beijing, respectively. Time-stratified case-crossover technique was used to evaluate their relationships. Results from the bi-directional control sampling approach were compared with unidirectional approach.
Using a unidirectional control sampling approach, the results obtained from a conditional logistic regression model (multi-pollutant model) after adjusting for meteorological variables, showed that the ORs of the hospital emergency room visits for the respiratory diseases associated with each 10 µg/m(3) increment of PM(10), SO(2), NO(2) were 1.010 (95%CI: 1.005 - 1.014), 1.010 (95%CI: 1.001 - 1.018), 0.996 (95%CI: 0.983 - 1.009) respectively. In the bi-directional control sampling approach, the ORs were 1.002 (95%CI: 0.998 - 1.005), 1.011 (95%CI: 1.003 - 1.018), 1.012 (95%CI: 1.001 - 1.022).
Results from this study provided evidence that higher levels of ambient air pollutants increased the risk of hospital emergency room visits for respiratory diseases.
采用病例交叉设计，探讨中国北京地区环境空气污染与因呼吸系统疾病（国际疾病分类第十版ICD - 10：J00 - J99）前往医院急诊室就诊之间的关联。
获取了2004年1月1日至2005年12月31日期间北京大学第三医院因呼吸系统疾病（ICD - 10：J00 - J99）每日急诊就诊的数据，以及分别来自北京市环境监测中心和气象局的相关空气污染和气象因素数据。采用时间分层病例交叉技术评估它们之间的关系。将双向对照抽样方法的结果与单向方法的结果进行比较。
采用单向对照抽样方法，在调整气象变量后，条件逻辑回归模型（多污染物模型）的结果显示，每增加10μg/m³的PM10、SO₂、NO₂，因呼吸系统疾病前往医院急诊室就诊的比值比（OR）分别为1.010（95%置信区间：1.005 - 1.014）、1.010（95%置信区间：1.001 - 1.018）、0.996（95%置信区间：0.983 - 1.009）。在双向对照抽样方法中，OR分别为1.002（95%置信区间：0.998 - 1.005）、1.011（95%置信区间：1.003 - 1.018）、1.012（95%置信区间：1.001 - 1.022）。
本研究结果提供了证据，表明环境空气污染物水平升高会增加因呼吸系统疾病前往医院急诊室就诊的风险。
