Wu Chun-Mei, Deng Xiao, An Yuan, Duan Lei-Lei
National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2010 Aug;31(8):885-9.
To understand the pattern of children injuries treated in hospitals and to provide evidence for its further prevention and control.
Data of children cases was descriptively analyzed from the Chinese National Injury Surveillance System (NISS), from 2006 to 2008.
The incidence rates of boys were twice (2.22, 2.15, 2.15) higher than girls. About one half (50.74%, 49.75%, 49.75%) of them were 5-14 year of age. The main causes were falls (44.14%, 45.68%, 47.15%), RTIs (15.71%, 14.46%, 13.79%), and blunt force injuries (13.20%, 12.92%, 12.40%). Main locations where the injuries happened were at home (34.96%, 36.86%, 38.84%), school and public places (24.72%, 19.80%, 21.19%), and road/street (21.21%, 19.63%, 19.33%). The major injured body parts were head (34.88%, 35.84%, 37.07%), upper limbs (28.00%, 28.21%, 27.81%) and lower limbs (21.86%, 21.49%, 21.31%). The majority cases were unintentional (93.01%, 92.66%, 90.58%), minor (78.50%, 81.20%, 81.52%) injuries, treated and discharged (82.37%, 85.19%, 84.84%). There were considerable differences in the distributions of causes, locations, injured body parts, and other contexts depending on age.
The pattern of children's injury would include causes, places and other characteristics treated at hospitals from NISS and was related to the age of the injured child which was quite different from the spectrum of death caused by injury. NISS acts as an important source of information on children's injury in China, and can contribute to the prevention and control program on children's injury.
了解医院收治儿童伤害的情况，为进一步预防和控制儿童伤害提供依据。
对2006年至2008年中国国家伤害监测系统（NISS）中的儿童病例数据进行描述性分析。
男孩的发病率是女孩的两倍（分别为2.22、2.15、2.15）。其中约一半（分别为50.74%、49.75%、49.75%）为5至14岁儿童。主要原因是跌倒（分别为44.14%、45.68%、47.15%）、道路交通伤害（分别为15.71%、14.46%、13.79%）和钝器伤（分别为13.20%、12.92%、12.40%）。伤害发生的主要地点是在家中（分别为34.96%、36.86%、38.84%）、学校和公共场所（分别为24.72%、19.80%、21.19%）以及道路/街道（分别为21.21%、19.63%、19.33%）。主要受伤身体部位是头部（分别为34.88%、35.84%、37.07%）、上肢（分别为28.00%、28.21%、27.81%）和下肢（分别为21.86%、21.49%、21.31%）。大多数病例为意外伤害（分别为93.01%、92.66%、90.58%）、轻伤（分别为78.50%、81.20%、81.52%），经治疗后出院（分别为82.37%、85.19%、84.84%）。根据年龄不同，伤害原因、地点、受伤身体部位及其他情况的分布存在显著差异。
儿童伤害情况包括NISS中医院收治的伤害原因、地点及其他特征，且与受伤儿童的年龄有关，这与伤害导致的死亡谱有很大不同。NISS是中国儿童伤害重要的信息来源，可为儿童伤害预防控制工作提供帮助。
