Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Feb;64(2):282-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2010.01.040. Epub 2010 Dec 15.
There are limited data on the effectiveness of skin cancer prevention education and early detection programs at beaches.
We evaluate 4 strategies for addressing skin cancer prevention in beach settings.
This prospective study at 4 beaches included 4 intervention conditions: (1) education only; (2) education plus biometric feedback; (3) education plus dermatologist skin examination; or (4) education plus biometric feedback and dermatologist skin examination. Outcomes included sun protection behaviors, sunburns, and skin self-examinations.
There was a significant increase in hat wearing, sunscreen use, and a reduction in sunburns in the education plus biometric feedback group (odds ratio = 1.97, 1.94, and 1.07, respectively), and greater improvements in knowing what to look for in skin-self examinations (odds ratio = 1.13); there were no differences in frequency of self-examinations. Skin examinations plus biometric feedback led to greater reductions in sunburns. The dermatologist examinations identified atypical moles in 28% of participants.
Inclusion of only one beach per condition, use of self-report data, and a limited intervention period are limitations.
Education and biometric feedback may be more effective than education alone for impacting sun protective attitudes and behaviors in beachgoing, high-risk populations.
海滩地区的皮肤癌预防教育和早期检测计划的有效性数据有限。
我们评估了 4 种在海滩环境中进行皮肤癌预防的策略。
这项在 4 个海滩进行的前瞻性研究包括 4 个干预条件：（1）仅教育；（2）教育加生物识别反馈；（3）教育加皮肤科医生皮肤检查；或（4）教育加生物识别反馈和皮肤科医生皮肤检查。结果包括防晒行为、晒伤和皮肤自我检查。
在教育加生物识别反馈组中，戴帽子、使用防晒霜和减少晒伤的情况显著增加（比值比分别为 1.97、1.94 和 1.07），并且对皮肤自我检查中应注意什么的了解程度有更大的提高（比值比为 1.13）；自我检查的频率没有差异。皮肤检查加生物识别反馈导致晒伤减少更多。皮肤科医生检查在 28%的参与者中发现了非典型痣。
每个条件仅包括一个海滩，使用自我报告数据以及干预时间有限是限制因素。
与单纯教育相比，教育加生物识别反馈可能更有效地影响海滩高危人群的防晒态度和行为。
