Department of Pediatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
J Perinatol. 2011 Jun;31(6):440-5. doi: 10.1038/jp.2010.150. Epub 2010 Dec 16.
We prospectively evaluated the rate of postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) transmission through breast milk in extremely premature infants to address the impact of CMV infection on preterm infants during lactation.
A total of 25 mothers and 27 infants (two sets of twins) with birth weights <1000 g and/or gestational ages <28 weeks were enrolled in the study. They were mostly fed frozen-thawed breast milk. Breast milk, serum and urine samples were collected every 2 weeks and screened for CMV infection using the real-time polymerase chain reaction.
All of the 21 CMV-seropositive mothers had detectable CMV DNA in their breast milk, with a peak at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. CMV infection was confirmed in only one infant (4.3%) who displayed almost no clinical symptoms.
At our institutes, we mainly use frozen-thawed breast milk. We found low CMV transmission rates even in extremely premature infants, and the CMV-positive infant did not develop serious symptoms.
我们前瞻性评估了通过母乳传播巨细胞病毒（CMV）给极早产儿的比率，以探讨 CMV 感染对哺乳期早产儿的影响。
共有 25 名出生体重<1000g 和/或胎龄<28 周的母亲和 27 名婴儿（两组双胞胎）参与了这项研究。他们主要食用冷冻和解冻的母乳。每隔 2 周采集母乳、血清和尿液样本，并使用实时聚合酶链反应筛查 CMV 感染。
所有 21 名 CMV 血清阳性的母亲的母乳中都检测到 CMV DNA，产后 4 至 6 周达到峰值。仅在一名婴儿（4.3%）中证实了 CMV 感染，该婴儿几乎没有出现任何临床症状。
在我们的机构中，我们主要使用冷冻和解冻的母乳。我们发现，即使是极早产儿，CMV 的传播率也很低，而 CMV 阳性的婴儿并未出现严重症状。
