Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Ave, PO Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos Attiki, Greece.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2011 Oct;61(3):482-90. doi: 10.1007/s00244-010-9629-8. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
This study aimed to assess oxidative stress and genotoxicity biomarkers in grey mullet Mugil cephalus from a site receiving discharges from industrial and harbor activities and a reference site in Saronikos Gulf, Greece. Cellular antioxidant defenses, i.e., antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, selenium [Se]-dependent glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase) and oxidative damage, i.e., lipid peroxidation (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) were used as biomarkers of oxidative stress. The micronucleus test was used for evaluation of chromosome damage, and the frequency of cells with double nuclei was used as an indication of damage to cell divisions. Antioxidant enzyme activities were lower in fish from the polluted site compared with fish from the reference site, suggesting deficiency of the antioxidant system to compensate for oxidative stress. This is further supported by the higher lipid peroxidation levels in fish from the polluted site, which represent oxidative damage. Micronuclei and double-nuclei frequencies were higher in fish from the polluted site compared with fish from the reference site, indicating genotoxic effects. Correlations between biomarkers suggest that observed effects were due to contaminants exhibiting oxidative stress potential that can also induce genotoxicity. Results suggest that the selected biomarkers in M. cephalus are useful for the assessment of pollution impacts in coastal environments influenced by multiple pollution sources.
本研究旨在评估来自希腊萨罗尼克湾受工业和港口活动排放影响的地点和参照点的灰鲻鱼（ Mugil cephalus ）中的氧化应激和遗传毒性生物标志物。细胞抗氧化防御系统，即抗氧化酶活性（过氧化氢酶、硒（Se）依赖性谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶）和氧化损伤，即脂质过氧化（以硫代巴比妥酸反应物质衡量）被用作氧化应激的生物标志物。微核试验用于评估染色体损伤，双核细胞的频率可作为细胞分裂损伤的指标。与参照点的鱼相比，污染点的鱼的抗氧化酶活性较低，表明抗氧化系统不足以为补偿氧化应激。这进一步得到了污染点的鱼中更高的脂质过氧化水平的支持，这代表了氧化损伤。与参照点的鱼相比，污染点的鱼中的微核和双核频率更高，表明存在遗传毒性效应。生物标志物之间的相关性表明，观察到的效应是由于具有氧化应激潜力的污染物引起的，这些污染物也可能诱导遗传毒性。研究结果表明，在受多种污染源影响的沿海环境中，灰鲻鱼中的这些选定生物标志物可用于评估污染影响。
