Institute of Oceanography, Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7km Athinon-Souniou Avenue, P.O. Box 712, 19013 Anavyssos, Greece.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2011 Nov;74(8):2240-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.08.010. Epub 2011 Aug 30.
This study aimed to assess oxidative stress and genotoxicity biomarkers in Prussian carp Carassius gibelio laboratory-exposed to water from polluted Ukrainian rivers in order to evaluate their usefulness as endpoints in a short-term bioassay for toxicity testing of freshwaters. The micronucleus (MN) test and the frequency of cells with double nuclei (DN) in erythrocytes and gill cells were used as indicators of chromosome aberrations and abnormalities in cell divisions, respectively. Cellular antioxidant defenses i.e. antioxidant enzyme activities (catalase, Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase, total glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase) and oxidative damage, i.e. lipid peroxidation (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) in the fish liver were used as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Exposure to the polluted river water samples for 96 h resulted in significantly increased MN and DN frequencies, limited increases in antioxidant enzyme activities and no changes in lipid peroxidation. Results suggest that MN and DN frequencies in C gibelio are useful endpoints in a short-term bioassay for genotoxicity testing of environmental water samples in contrast to the oxidative stress biomarkers applied that showed low potential for assessing sublethal effects after a 96 h exposure.
本研究旨在评估实验室暴露于受污染的乌克兰河流水中的鲤鱼（Carassius gibelio）的氧化应激和遗传毒性生物标志物，以评估它们作为淡水毒性测试短期生物测定终点的有用性。微核（MN）试验和红细胞和鳃细胞中双核（DN）细胞的频率分别用作染色体畸变和细胞分裂异常的指标。鱼肝脏中的细胞抗氧化防御（即抗氧化酶活性（过氧化氢酶、硒依赖性谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶）和氧化损伤（以硫代巴比妥酸反应物质测量）被用作氧化应激的生物标志物。暴露于污染河水样品 96 小时导致 MN 和 DN 频率显著增加，抗氧化酶活性有限增加，脂质过氧化无变化。结果表明，MN 和 DN 在 C gibelio 中的频率是环境水样遗传毒性测试短期生物测定的有用终点，而应用的氧化应激生物标志物在 96 小时暴露后评估亚致死效应的潜力较低。
