Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, AFIDES Research Group, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
J Sports Sci. 2011 Feb;29(3):291-8. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2010.532230.
The aims of this study were (1) to compare water polo game-related statistics by context (winning and losing teams) and sex (men and women), and (2) to identify characteristics discriminating the performances for each sex. The game-related statistics of the 64 matches (44 men's and 20 women's) played in the final phase of the Olympic Games held in Beijing in 2008 were analysed. Unpaired t-tests compared winners and losers and men and women, and confidence intervals and effect sizes of the differences were calculated. The results were subjected to a discriminant analysis to identify the differentiating game-related statistics of the winning and losing teams. The results showed the differences between winning and losing men's teams to be in both defence and offence, whereas in women's teams they were only in offence. In men's games, passing (assists), aggressive play (exclusions), centre position effectiveness (centre shots), and goalkeeper defence (goalkeeper-blocked 5-m shots) predominated, whereas in women's games the play was more dynamic (possessions). The variable that most discriminated performance in men was goalkeeper-blocked shots, and in women shooting effectiveness (shots). These results should help coaches when planning training and competition.
（1）比较水球比赛中与情境（胜队和败队）和性别（男队和女队）相关的统计数据；（2）确定区分各性别表现的特征。对 2008 年北京奥运会决赛阶段的 64 场比赛（44 场男队和 20 场女队）的比赛相关统计数据进行了分析。非配对 t 检验比较了胜队和败队以及男队和女队之间的差异，并计算了差异的置信区间和效应量。对结果进行了判别分析，以确定区分胜队和败队的比赛相关统计数据。结果表明，男队的胜负差异存在于防守和进攻两个方面，而女队的胜负差异仅存在于进攻方面。在男队比赛中，传球（助攻）、攻击性比赛（罚出场）、中锋位置效率（中锋射门）和守门员防守（守门员挡出 5 米射门）占主导地位，而在女队比赛中，比赛更加具有活力（控球）。在男队中，最能区分表现的变量是守门员挡出的射门，而在女队中则是射门效率（射门次数）。这些结果应该有助于教练在制定训练和比赛计划时参考。
