Tani Franca, Bonechi Alice, Peterson Carole, Smorti Andrea
University of Florence, Department of Psychology, Italy.
J Genet Psychol. 2010 Oct-Dec;171(4):300-29. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2010.503976.
The authors evaluated the role parent-child relationship quality has on two types of memories, those of parents and those of friends. Participants were 198 Italian university students who recalled memories during 4 separate timed memory-fluency tasks about their preschool, elementary school, middle school, high school and university years. Half were instructed to recall memories involving parents and the remainder memories involving friends. Moreover, parent-child relationships were assessed by the Network of Relationships Inventory (NRI; W. Furman & D. Buhrmester, 1985) and Adolescents' Report of Parental Monitoring (D. M. Capaldi & G. R. Patterson, 1989). Results showed that men with positive parent-son relationships had more memories of parents and more affectively positive memories of friends, supporting a consistency model positing similarity between parent-child relationships and memories of friends. Women with positive parental relationship quality had more affectively positive memories of parents but for friends, positive relationship quality only predicted positive memories when young. At older ages, especially middle school-aged children, negative parent-daughter relationships predicted more positive memories of friends, supporting a compensatory model. The gender of parent also mattered, with fathers having a more influential role on affect for memories of friends.
作者评估了亲子关系质量对两种记忆的影响，即父母的记忆和朋友的记忆。参与者为198名意大利大学生，他们在4个独立的限时记忆流畅性任务中回忆了自己在幼儿园、小学、初中、高中和大学时期的记忆。其中一半学生被要求回忆与父母有关的记忆，其余学生则回忆与朋友有关的记忆。此外，通过关系网络量表（NRI；W. 弗曼和D. 布尔梅斯特，1985年）和青少年对父母监督的报告（D. M. 卡帕尔迪和G. R. 帕特森，1989年）对亲子关系进行了评估。结果显示，父子关系积极的男性对父母的记忆更多，对朋友的情感积极记忆也更多，这支持了一种一致性模型，该模型认为亲子关系与对朋友的记忆之间存在相似性。亲子关系质量积极的女性对父母有更多情感积极的记忆，但对于朋友来说，只有在年轻时，积极的关系质量才会预测出积极的记忆。在较大年龄时，尤其是初中年龄段的孩子，消极的母女关系会预测出更多对朋友的积极记忆，这支持了一种补偿模型。父母的性别也很重要，父亲对朋友记忆的情感影响更大。
