National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Public Health. 2010 Feb;38(3 Suppl):59-68. doi: 10.1177/1403494809353436.
The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) comprises dimensions (emotional demands, demands of hiding emotions, meaning of work, quality of leadership, and predictability) that are not in the job strain or the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) models. The study aim was to investigate whether these dimensions explain changes in vitality and mental health over and above the job strain and ERI models.
A cohort of 3552 employees in 2000 were followed up in 2005 (cohort participation of 51%). Regression analyses were carried out with mental health and vitality as dependent variables. A significance level of 0.01 was applied when comparing regression models.
Regarding mental health, both the full COPSOQ-ERI model (p = 0.005) and the full job strain-COPSOQ model (p = 0.01) were significantly better than the ERI and the job strain models. Regarding vitality, none of the full COPSOQ models (i.e. with new COPSOQ dimensions together with job strain or ERI respectively) was significantly better than the ERI (p = 0.03) or the job strain (p = 0.04) models. Emotional demands and low meaning of work predicted poor mental health and low vitality.
In relation to mental health, new psychosocial risk factors have the potential to add to the predictive power of the job strain and ERI models. The current practice of including only items from the ERI and job strain models in public health studies should be reconsidered. Theories regarding the status of, for example, emotional demands and meaning of work should be developed and tested.
哥本哈根心理社会问卷（COPSOQ）包含维度（情绪需求、情绪隐藏需求、工作意义、领导质量和可预测性），这些维度不在工作压力或努力-回报失衡（ERI）模型中。本研究旨在探讨这些维度是否可以解释活力和心理健康的变化，而不仅仅是工作压力和 ERI 模型。
2000 年的一个 3552 名员工队列在 2005 年进行了随访（队列参与率为 51%）。以心理健康和活力为因变量进行回归分析。当比较回归模型时，应用了 0.01 的显著性水平。
关于心理健康，COPSOQ-ERI 全模型（p = 0.005）和工作压力-COPSOQ 全模型（p = 0.01）均显著优于 ERI 和工作压力模型。关于活力，没有一个 COPSOQ 全模型（即新的 COPSOQ 维度与工作压力或 ERI 分别结合）显著优于 ERI（p = 0.03）或工作压力（p = 0.04）模型。情绪需求和低工作意义预测心理健康差和活力低。
就心理健康而言，新的心理社会风险因素有可能增加工作压力和 ERI 模型的预测能力。在公共卫生研究中，目前仅包括 ERI 和工作压力模型中的项目的做法应重新考虑。应该开发和测试关于情绪需求和工作意义等状态的理论。
