Toppila Esko, Koskinen Heli, Pyykkö Ilmari
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Finland.
Noise Health. 2011 Jan-Feb;13(50):45-50. doi: 10.4103/1463-1741.74001.
This study intended to evaluate classical musicians' risk of hearing loss. We studied 63 musicians from four Helsinki classical orchestras. We measured their hearing loss with an audiometer, found their prior amount of exposure to sound and some individual susceptibility factors with a questionnaire, measured their present sound exposure with dosimeters, and tested their blood pressure and cholesterol levels, then compared their hearing loss to ISO 1999-1990's predictions. The musicians' hearing loss distribution corresponded to that of the general population, but highly exposed musicians had greater hearing loss at frequencies over 3 kHz than less-exposed ones. Their individual susceptibility factors were low. Music deteriorates hearing, but by less than what ISO 1999-1990 predicted. The low number of individual susceptibility factors explained the difference, but only reduced hearing loss and not the prevalence of tinnitus.
本研究旨在评估古典音乐家听力损失的风险。我们对来自赫尔辛基四个古典管弦乐团的63名音乐家进行了研究。我们用听力计测量他们的听力损失，通过问卷调查了解他们之前的声音暴露量和一些个体易感性因素，用剂量计测量他们当前的声音暴露情况，并检测他们的血压和胆固醇水平，然后将他们的听力损失与ISO 1999 - 1990的预测进行比较。音乐家的听力损失分布与普通人群的分布相符，但高暴露组音乐家在3千赫以上频率的听力损失比低暴露组更大。他们的个体易感性因素较低。音乐虽会损害听力，但程度小于ISO 1999 - 1990的预测。个体易感性因素数量少解释了这种差异，但仅减少了听力损失，而未降低耳鸣的患病率。
