Xie Li-xin
State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Qingdao 266071, China.
Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2010 Oct;46(10):883-7.
It is well known that corneal epithelial stem cells reside in the limbal basal layer. Recently, it has been found that oligopotent stem cells, located in the basal layer of corneal epithelium, can repair epithelial cell damage. Although corneal endothelial cells usually could not regenerate in vivo, stem cells have been detected in the endothelial cell layer and can convert into endothelial cells under certain circumstances. Stem cells are also present in corneal stroma. The heterogeneous stromal cells manifest features of neural crest progenitor cells in some situations, which make latent herpes simplex virus-1 infection possible. Moreover, the finding that the hyphal growth of different fungal pathogens shows different patterns in the cornea. This finding significantly promotes the surgical treatment of fungal keratitis. The major risk factor of acanthamoeba keratitis in China is trauma caused by plants or soil, which is different from developed countries, in which the major risk factor is contact lens wear. This finding provides important new information for clinical diagnosis of this disorder. Advances in basic and clinical corneal research in the last five years are reviewed in this article.
众所周知，角膜上皮干细胞位于角膜缘基底细胞层。最近，已发现位于角膜上皮基底细胞层的多能干细胞能够修复上皮细胞损伤。虽然角膜内皮细胞通常在体内无法再生，但已在内皮细胞层检测到干细胞，并且在某些情况下可转化为内皮细胞。干细胞也存在于角膜基质中。在某些情况下，异质性基质细胞表现出神经嵴祖细胞的特征，这使得单纯疱疹病毒1型潜伏感染成为可能。此外，不同真菌病原体在角膜中的菌丝生长呈现出不同模式这一发现，显著推动了真菌性角膜炎的外科治疗。在中国，棘阿米巴角膜炎的主要危险因素是植物或土壤造成的创伤，这与发达国家不同，在发达国家主要危险因素是佩戴隐形眼镜。这一发现为该疾病的临床诊断提供了重要的新信息。本文综述了过去五年角膜基础和临床研究的进展。
